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The locomotor system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Aneurysmal bone cyst may affect any bone but typically occurs in the posterior elements of vertebrae and the metaphysis of long bones. Patients, usually children and young adults, complain of pain and swelling which often increases rapidly. X-rays show a well-circumscribed area of bone lysis, often with very marked eccentric expansion. Anastomosing blood-filled spaces are seen (Figure 13.30), separated by fibrous septa containing bony trabeculae and osteoclastic giant cells. Although aneurysmal bone cysts may mimic a malignant tumour clinically and radiologically, they are benign. Recent evidence indicates that they are benign neoplasms and not simply reactive conditions. They are associated with specific translocations resulting in the fusion of the USP6 gene on chromosome 17 with an active promoter of another gene. FISH for USP6 can be used to aid diagnosis. A variety of benign and malignant tumours may contain areas of secondary aneurysmal bone cyst change, so the pathologist must examine the entire specimen for any pre-existing lesion.
Cystic Bone Lesion of the Sternum
Published in Wickii T. Vigneswaran, Thoracic Surgery, 2019
Core needle biopsy showed changes of the type seen in aneurysmal bone cyst, including proliferation of bland fibroblastic cells, osteoclastic giant cells, and streamers of an osteoid-like matrix. It was also reported that a spindle cell giant cell tumor could not be excluded. The appearances most likely represents a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst as much of this lesion shows radiographic features of fibrous dysplasia. However, areas of fibrous dysplasia were not present in the biopsy. An outside second opinion was requested and confirmed the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst. The patient obtained an oncology consultation followed a thoracic surgery consultation. In view of the painful large sternal aneurysmal cyst, excision of the mass was recommended.
Benign tumors
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare benign, locally aggressive bone lesion sometimes occurring in the distal phalanx of young individuals. It grows rapidly, is painful, and markedly enlarges the tip of the digit and the nail.193 Radiographs show a distension of the bone resembling the secular protrusion of the walls of an aneurysm. The phalanx appears almost completely substituted by an osteolytic process.194 The etiology is not clear, but trauma may play a role.195 Treatment is by curettage of the lesion.
Extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumor of diffuse type in the temporal area with brain parenchymal invasion: a case report
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Seung-Myoung Son, Young Seok Park, Chi-Hoon Choi, Ho-Chang Lee, Ok-Jun Lee, Chang Gok Woo
A 50-year-old man presented with pain and swelling in the left temporal region for the past 3 months without any antecedent events and an uneventful medical history. There was no restriction of motion or locking in mouth opening. Physical examination revealed a hard, non-tender, and non-movable soft tissue mass. On computer tomogram (CT) examination, a heterogeneous mass was seen eroding the left temporal bone without involvement of the temporomandibular joint (Figure 1(A)). Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a lobulated tumor of the left temporal bone extending both intracranially and extracranially, measuring approximately 7.0 × 5.8 cm (Figure 1(B),(C)). Radiological differential diagnoses included aneurysmal bone cyst and malignant bone tumor with intratumoral hemorrhage. An ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy was performed. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of histiocytic mononuclear cells admixed with multinucleated giant cells and inflammatory cells. Some of these cells contained intracytoplasmic hemosiderin.
A case of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma arising in the cricoid cartilage that mimicked an aneurysmal bone cyst
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2018
Lixiao Chen, Ziwei Yu, Rui Jiang, Pin Dong, Bin Shen, Yu Li
A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a history of repeated hemoptysis. The patient underwent a tracheotomy in December 2013. In January 2014, the patient underwent the resection of a reparative giant-cell granuloma and aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). The clinicopathological results revealed cartilage, bone, and giant-cell tissue in the left cricoid cartilage, also containing many phagocytes and hemosiderin granules. The patient then underwent resection of partial laryngeal neoplasms in June 2015, and one month later, he was admitted again with a history of repeated hemoptysis. In the two weeks prior to admission, the patient began coughing up increasing volumes of blood, which began to obstruct the tracheal tube, causing dyspnea.
An expansive aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxillary sinus in an 8 year old child: Case report and review of literature
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2020
Milan Urík, Ivo Šlapák, Michaela Máchalová, Jana Jančíková, Soňa Šikolová, Denisa Pavlovská, Petr Jabandžiev, Marta Ježová
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign intraosseous lesion that is very often expansive. This lesion has been described for the first time in 1942 by Jaffe and Lichtenstein [1]. In 2002, an ABC was defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as ‘a benign cystic lesion of bone composed of blood filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa containing fibroblasts, osteoclast-type giant cells and reactive woven bone’ [2]. An ABC may be primary or arise secondarily in other benign or malignant bone tumors [3].