China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Recent developments and applications of hybrid imaging techniques
Published in Yi-Hwa Liu, Albert J. Sinusas, Hybrid Imaging in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2017
Piotr J. Slomka, Daniel S. Berman, Guido Germano
We also investigated the feasibility of the hybrid imaging by standalone gated MR images with gated SPECT acquired in separate scanning sessions. In this case, the full-gated MR as well as gated SPECT datasets are typically available and all the phases can be used for automated registration, to improve the robustness of the method. To this end, we developed a computer algorithm for the 4-D registration of SPECT with MR image data, where cardiac motion is considered as an additional dimension. In our approach, fully automatic, approximate presegmentation to cardiac MR data based on the analysis of motion was performed (Aladl et al. 2004). A novel spatial-temporal preprocessing technique was used as the initial step to eliminate time-invariant voxels on MR images. Subsequently, a 4-D registration was performed with a mutual information technique (Wells et al. 1996), which iteratively adjusted a set of six rigid body parameters to align gated SPECT volume with multiple phases of cardiac MR. In Figure 12.11, we show an example of this standalone MR/SPECT registration.
Definitions and Clinical Diagnosis of Heart Failure
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Katerina K. Naka, Aris Bechlioulis
Single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) may be useful in assessing coronary ischemia and myocardial viability in HF patients when revascularization is under discussion, while gated SPECT can also provide information on ventricular volumes and function. Positron emission tomography (PET), alone or with computerized tomography (CT), may be used to assess ischemia and viability in HF patients but the availability of tracers is currently limited by excessive cost.2,5 Radionuclide ventriculography is still the gold standard method for assessment of LVEF. This method is highly reproducible and may be used for the evaluation of cardiac function when other imaging modalities are unavailable or inadequate, although it cannot assess valvular structure/function or myocardial wall thickness and motion. Radionuclide ventriculography is considered to be more accurate than echocardiography, especially for measuring RV function, and its reproducibility is better than that of echocardiography.27 Myocardial perfusion imaging has an excellent negative predictive value for the detection of significant CAD as the cause of new-onset HF. SPECT has also been used in clinical practice to assess LV dyssynchrony in patients with HF, using commercially available software. Cardiac imaging with radioactive 123I-metaiodobenzyl-guanidine (mIBG) can identify areas of myocardium with impaired sympathetic innervation because of injury or ischemia. In HFrEF, 123I-mIBG imaging improves risk stratification over natriuretic peptides and LVEF.27 Nuclear imaging modalities may also provide diagnostic and prognostic information in specific cardiomyopathies. PET is routinely used in the management of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, allowing for identification of inflammation (both cardiac and extracardiac) and management of immunosuppression. Scintigraphy with bone tracers is used to detect cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis, an increasingly important and common disease in older adults, presenting as HFpEF (see also Chapter 35).27
Diagnostic value of peak filling rate derived from ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT for detecting myocardial ischaemia in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2020
Kazuhiro Nitta, Satoshi Kurisu, Yoji Sumimoto, Hiroki Ikenaga, Ken Ishibashi, Yukihiro Fukuda, Yasuki Kihara
ECG-gated SPECT data are shown in Table 2. SDSs in patients with myocardial ischaemia and those without were 3.5 ± 1.8 and 0.4 ± 0.5, respectively (p < 0.001). LV volumes and LV ejection fraction were similar at any time between the two groups. In contrast, PFR after stress was significantly lower in patients with myocardial ischaemia than those without (1.9 ± 0.4 EDV/s vs 2.1 ± 0.4 EDV/s, p = 0.045). Lower PFR in patients with myocardial ischaemia was found even at redistribution (1.8 ± 0.5 EDV/s vs 2.1 ± 0.3 EDV/s, p = 0.009). PFRs after stress (r = −0.22, p = 0.02) and at redistribution (r = −0.24, p = 0.01) were inversely correlated with SDS.
Aortic valve calcium is associated with left ventricular diastolic function in patients without evidence of ischaemic heart disease: assessment by gated single-photon emission computed tomography
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2021
Kazuhiro Nitta, Satoshi Kurisu, Ramandika Erasta, Hiroki Ikenaga, Ken Ishibashi, Yukihiro Fukuda, Yasuki Kihara
Gated SPECT is an attractive modality that allows simultaneous evaluation of myocardial perfusion and LV function [4–6]. Because myocardial ischaemia reduces LV diastolic function [13], only patients with no evidence of ischaemic heart disease based on SSS and the TID ratio were included in the current study. We demonstrated that, despite the comparable LVEF between the two groups, LV diastolic function was lower in patients with AVC than in those without AVC.
Association of QRS duration with left ventricular volume and ejection fraction after anterior myocardial infarction assessed by gated single photon emission computed tomography
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2018
Satoshi Kurisu, Yoji Sumimoto, Hiroki Ikenaga, Ken Ishibashi, Yukihiro Fukuda, Yasuki Kihara
Quantitative analysis of SPECT was performed on the redistribution image using a commercially available software package (quantitative gated SPECT [QGS], Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA) [13]. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV), ejection fraction (LVEF) and total perfusion deficit (TPD) were obtained [10,11].