China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Bleeding from the Colon and Rectum
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Charles B. Whitlow, Ben Hopkins
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is a liquid-based substance with high haemostatic effect.51 It allows for a better controlled delivery injection and has a high radiopacity to allow visualisation on angiography. Due to polymerisation, a new introducer catheter must be used to re-float a guidewire to the problem blood vessel after the injection. Additionally, it can create streak artefacts on subsequent CT imaging, which can obstruct anatomy. Urbano et al. used ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer in 31 patients with lower GI bleeding.52 They demonstrated a 10% rebleeding rate which was self-limiting and did not require repeat intervention. They observed no difference amongst those patients on anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy.
Quality Changes during Packaging and Storage of Australian Native Herbs
Published in Yasmina Sultanbawa, Fazal Sultanbawa, Australian Native Plants, 2017
Contemporary packaging materials are developed by combining a number of different materials through lamination, coextrusion or coating, in order to provide better barrier function than just one material. Modern packaging materials combines different layers of foil, plastics like polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthlate (PET), nylon, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), paper and adhesives. These multilayered packaging materials provide a much better barrier compared to the conventional PE materials. Table 23.1 summarises the barrier properties of some packaging materials that are used in the food industry.
Interventional radiology of the head and neck
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Onyx®) is a recently introduced liquid embolic agent which has been found to be extremely useful in the treatment of AVMs of the brain and dural AVF. It is showing promise in the management peripheral AVMs including the head and neck.
Combined endovascular and surgical treatment of a giant celiac artery aneurysm with consequent gastric outlet obstruction: a case report and literature review
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2023
Nick Smet, Thijs Buimer, Tim Van Meel
In this case, we decided to perform an endovascular approach due to the cachectic and unfit state of the patient. Endovascular approaches and percutaneous embolization are increasingly used due to its minimal invasive character and benefit in terms of morbidity and mortality [13,19,20]. A recent systematic review by Kok et al. revealed a similar perioperative mortality of 1.5%, high technical success rate of 93.6% with 4.4% reintervention rate and major complications occurring in 3.7% of the 665 patients included [21]. Several considerations have to be made when treating these VAAs by endovascular means. Preserving patency of the original vessel with a covered stent is not always possible due to tortuosity, discrepancy in proximal and distal landing zones and size of the aneurysm. Using solely the packing technique of these visceral artery aneurysms is associated with a higher risk of recanalization due to coil migration into thrombus or thrombus resolution [22]. Also in giant visceral artery aneurysms, sufficient packing will also mean a significant increase in cost, time and radiation exposure. Sometimes, additional use of liquid embolics such as ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) will be helpful. Patent collaterals need to be identified before embolization to assess the risk of postoperative visceral ischemia.
Comparison of cerebral AVMs in patients undergoing surgical resection with and without prior endovascular embolization
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2022
Ismail Kaya, Volkan Çakır, Ilker Deniz Cingoz, Murat Atar, Gokhan Gurkan, Meryem Cansu Sahin, Suna Karadeniz Saygili, Nurullah Yuceer
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) was used in all endovascular treatment procedures. Patient procedures were performed in the same session. Surgical approaches are adapted for each patient according to the size of the AVM, its location, and the structure of the lesion. Surgery was performed in all Grade1–2 patients who did not hemmorage after preoperative embolization. Surgery was performed in the superficial localized patients of Grade 1–2 patients with hemmorage after preoperative embolization. Surgery was performed after preoperative embolization in all grade 3–4 patients who did not hemmorage. In Grade 3–4 patients with hemmorage, only surgery was performed in the lobar localized patients, and surgery was performed after preoperative embolization in the deep localized patients. The duration of each operation was recorded. The presence of complications after surgical treatment was evaluated and recorded. The length of the hospital stay of each patient was recorded. In follow-up cranial imaging, obliteration rates of AVMs were determined, and whether complete or partial obliteration occurred was recorded. The evaluation outcomes was performed using the mRS system on the 6th postoperative month. An mRS score of 0–2 points was considered as a good result, and 3–6 points as a poor result.
Interdisciplinary management of peripheral arteriovenous malformations: review of the literature and current proceedings
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Felix F. Strübing, Stefan Porubsky, Amir K. Bigdeli, Volker J. Schmidt, Lena Krebs, U. Kneser, Maliha Sadick
The goal of an embolization must be the total occlusion of the nidus [33–35]. The nidus consists of densely packed, tortuous blood vessels with a very low vascular-resistance tonicity, thereby causing recruitment of collateral inflow and arterialization of the venous system [33,36,37]. Most commonly, liquid casting agents, such as ONYX® or SQUID® (ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers), are used in a push and plug technique (see Figure 3) [35]. Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers feature a good safety profile. They have been in use for intracranial embolization for several years and exhibit good permanent occlusion properties [38–40]. Yet, their high costs have to be considered and weighed against its effective embolizing characteristics and safety profile compared to particulate and other liquid embolics. In fast-flow lesions, ethanol or other direct sclerosants may also be applied, but increased care should be taken to avoid washout of the sclerosant due to the very high flow rates in AVMs and potential irreversible nerve damage after ethanol embolization [34].