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Assessing and managing pain
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Lindsey Pollard, Harriet Barker
Other types of scales are the visual analogue scale (VAS) (Figure 9.4) and verbal (categorical) rating scale (VRS) (Figure 9.5). All these scales have varying risk of failure; however, the VRS has been shown to have a slightly increased efficacy due to its simplicity (Ballantyne et al. 2019). Many acute hospitals use a numerical rating score of 0–3, which links closely to the verbal descriptors none, mild, moderate and severe within the VRS. In turn, these levels of pain intensity alongside functional assessment tools can be linked to pharmacological strategies (see the next section).
Pain Sensitivity in Dysmenorrheic and Nondysmenorrheic Women as a Function of Menstrual Cycle Phase
Published in Diana L. Taylor, Nancy F. Woods, Menstruation, Health, and Illness, 2019
Eleni G. Hapidou, Denys deCatanzaro
Visual Analog Scale This technique, developed by Huskisson (1974), involves the use of a scale representing the continuum of the subject’s experience of pain and is considered to be a very sensitive and simple method for measuring pain. The scale used in the present study was linear, horizontal, and 100 cm long. The extremes were “no pain at all” (left) and “maximum pain you can imagine” (right). A score somewhere between 0 and 100 was determined by measuring the distance from left to right. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used twice, once for rating the cold pressor pain experienced at each session and once for rating menstrual pain and overall cold pressor pain, at the end of all four experimental sessions. This comparative judgment was obtained to see how the anchoring of pain judgments (if any) occurred in the two groups.
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Published in Alan Earl-Slater, Dictionary of Health Economics, 2018
More generally, one has to consider: the internal consistency of the dimensions; whether there is any overlap between the five dimensions; and how differences can be reconciled. What methods can be used to combine the results of the five elements to reveal a single index number? Visual analogue scales have been used where the person is asked to complete answers to the five dimensions above and then place a mark on a visual analogue scale as to their perception of their health status. Another issue is how to compare different people’s results in order to help resource allocation. Is 12323 of the same value as 13212? With 243 possible health states, how can the results be compared?
Effect of Adding Infiltration between The Popliteal Artery and Capsule of The Knee Block (IPACK) to Continuous Adductor Canal Block after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Hatem Mohammed Ahmed Abdo, Mohamed Saeed Abd Elaziz, Amr Essam Eldin Abd Elhamid, Amr Ahmed Kassem, Diaaeldein Mahmoud Haiba
Our study compared CACB and IPACK in reducing postoperative knee pain. Pain control data, including VAS score, were significantly different between the two groups, except at 16 and 24 h and total nalbuphine consumption in the first 24 h after surgery. The Visual Analogue Scale is a widely used tool for assessing pain levels in medicine. It is a visual representation of the numerical rating scale. The most common version of the VAS is a horizontal line with an 11-point numerical range. Patients are asked to rate their pain on a pre-defined scale using the VAS. It is a simple and commonly used tool. The scale typically ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 representing “no pain” and 10 representing “the worst pain imaginable.” The advantages of using the VAS include its simplicity, reproducibility, ease of understanding and sensitivity to small changes in pain levels.
Preoperative Anxiety Levels and Pain during Cataract Surgery
Published in Current Eye Research, 2020
Sergiu D. Socea, Hamza Abualhasan, Or Magen, Shiri Zayit-Soudry, Eytan Z. Blumenthal, Nitsan Duvdevan, Michael Mimouni
Patients were asked during the routine pre-operative intake to plot their anxiety level using the visual analogue scale for anxiety (VASA) on a scale from 0 to 10, with “no anxiety or fear” scored as 0 and “unbearable anxiety or fear” scored as 10. The visual analogue scale is a well-documented and validated tool for reliable assessment of anxiety,12 pain13 and other symptoms. The visual analogue scale for pain (VAS) has been used to assess pain in ophthalmology studies on refractive surgery,14 cataract surgery,15 vitrectomy16 and intravitreal injections.7 To ensure correct assessment of anxiety and pain the patients received an explanation of both VASA and VAS prior to surgery. Immediately after surgery, the subject was asked to plot his/her perceived level of maximal pain, by a masked observer, during the surgery using a VAS, as described above. Severe anxiety and pain were defined as VASA ≥ 7 and VAS ≥ 7.
Quality of life of patients operated for lumbar stenosis at the Yaoundé Central Hospital
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2020
F. Bello, V. A. Njami, S. L. Bogne, N. A. Lekane, G. I. Mbele, R. Nchufor, O. L. Ndome, O. N. Haman, V. de P. Djientcheu
We conducted a cross-sectional study in the neurosurgery department of the Yaoundé Central hospital for 4 months, including patients operated for lumbar stenosis from January 2010 to December 2015, who gave written consent to participate in this study; sampling was consecutive. The institutional review board of Université des Montagnes and the administration of the Yaoundé Central hospital approved this study. We identified patients from the operating room registry and collected the medical files from the neurosurgery department archives and patients’ post-operative follow-up records. Only patients with a minimum follow-up of one year after surgery were included in the study. We called the patients by phone and organized an interview where we assessed quality of life (disability) using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability index (ODI)- see Table 1.5 The visual analogue scale is a pain scale where the patient is asked to scale his/her from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). The visual analogue scale range was: 0–4 (mild pain), 4–8 (moderate pain), 8–10 (severe pain).