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Synthetic Seeds Vis-A-Vis Cryopreservation: An Efficient Technique for Long-Term Preservation of Endangered Medicinal Plants
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Md. Nasim Ali, Syandan Sinha Ray
Plant seeds that are not feasibly stored under seed bank may be conserved through the botanical garden (Dulloo et al., 1998) which plays an important role in the conservation of plants (Li et al., 2002). In addition to conservation, another advantage of the botanical garden is its influential capacity to increase public awareness regarding the conservation, utility, and importance of plant species (Hurka, 1994). The fundamental principle depends in growing the plants under the greenhouse or out of door or conservatories. They are used to grow and display plants primarily for scientific and educational purposes (Kasso and Balakrishnan, 2013). However, this conservation method permits the conservation of a small number of plant samples (Brütting et al., 2013). For conservation of small population major constrains are genetic drift and inbreeding depression (Francisco-Ortega et al., 2000). The combined approach of the Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Trivandrum has developed a gene pool of 650 medicinal plant species (Heywood, 1991). Earth Ethnobotanic Garden of Costa Rica was developed to conserve and analyze the potential use of medicinal plants (Waylen, 2006).
Plant Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a tropical fruit in the Cucurbitacea family (110). It is very rich in water (92%) and soluble sugar fruit. It is a very safe fruit for children and adults and is often eaten fresh after peeling. Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) is known to contain bioactive compounds such as citrulline, vitamins, minerals, lycopene, cucurbitacin, triterpenes, sterols, and alkaloids (110). Only lycopene and vitamin C are high in quantity. Lycopene, a strong antioxidant, gives the red color of its flesh when the fruit is ripe and has anti-cancer activity, especially for the prostate gland. Citrulline is an amino acid first isolated from Citrullus lanatus in 1930, hence its name. It is a non-essential amino acid for humans. Traditionally, Citrullus lanatus had been reportedly used as purgative and emetic in high doses. It is also a vermifuge, demulcent, diuretic, and tonic (110). The seed is used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, renal stones, hypertension, diabetic, diarrhea, and gonorrhea (110). Watermelon is both a refreshing fruit and a medicinal agent.
Phytolacca dodecandra (African Soapberry) and Picrorhiza kurroa (Kutki)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
K. Meenakshi, Mansi Shah, Indu Anna George
P. kurroa is a self-regenerating plant. Its propagation is through rhizomes or seeds. The seed viability is around 35–60% for six months. The seed prefers a cold climate to germinate (R. Raina et al., 2010). The roots and rhizome of the plants are harvested in September when plants start to wither. The rhizome and rootstock of the plants are bitter in taste and consist of many medicinally important compounds.
Seed extract of Thai Mucuna pruriens reduced male reproductive damage in rats induced by chronic stress
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Natthapol Lapyuneyong, Nareelak Tangsrisakda, Pannawat Choowong-In, Kowit Chaisiwamongkol, Nongnut Uabundit, Tarinee Sawatpanich, Supatcharee Arun, Alexander Tsang-Hsien Wu, Sitthichai Iamsaard
The powder of TMP aqueous seed extract used in this study was kindly obtained from Dr. Sitthichai Iamsaard’s Laboratory. The voucher specimen (no. S. Iamsaard 01) was collected in the herbarium database, Department of Biology, Khon Kaen University. The seed extract had been previously demonstrated to have antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compounds with no toxicity on male reproductive system (Iamsaard et al. 2020). Recently, this TMP extract has been already proven by our research group to contain l-DOPA determined by NMR and HPLC analyses (Choowong-In et al. 2021). The TMP seed powder was prepared in the concentrated stock with DW before diluting to be 150 and 300 mg/BW of each animal in treated groups. The selected doses used in this study were based on its property to increase the testosterone level, sperm quality and essential testicular proteins as previously demonstrated (Iamsaard et al. 2020).
Influence of sample preparation optimization on the accuracy of dose assessment of an automatic non-fluorescent MN scoring system
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Tímea Hülber, Zsuzsa S. Kocsis, Judit Németh, Enikõ Kis, Francesco d’Errico, Géza Sáfrány, Csilla Pesznyák
The ages of the patients are between 58 and 75. They are receiving hormone therapy before their treatment, but not chemotherapy. However, some of them are medicated due to other non-cancer-related health conditions, such as elevated cholesterol levels or high blood pressure. The subgroup of male patients whose samples were used in this study received low dose brachytherapy treatment; the implanted seed is Iodine-125. The delivered doses to the patients during radiotherapy are considerably high (145 Gy) for small planning treatment volume. Due to the low dose rate of the isotope, the whole dose is delivered approximately in one year. A control sample is collected from them directly before and after the seed insertion, and at different time intervals afterward: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months. By sampling the peripheral blood, only a low dose MN frequency can be measured from partial body irradiation which corresponds to a dose within the range of 0–1 Gy. The clinical results of the biological damaging effect of different radiotherapy methods on the healthy tissue are to be published in a separate paper in detail (Kocsis et al., 2019).
Plaque brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma: strategies and techniques to reduce risk and maximize outcomes
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2020
125I and 103Pd seeded gold eye plaques are either factory-made or more commonly assembled at each subspecialty center [5–7]. Each seed has a specific activity that can be modified-ordered for each case. Unlike solid 106Ru devices, variable seed activity and position within the plaque allows for modulation of dose (dose-volume shaping) in specialized plaques [14]. Though not often used, seed anisotropy can also be exploited to shape the treatment volume (e.g. cast the radiation away from the macula, optic nerve or lens). While the seeds are affixed (glued) within a gold plaque carrier, the pattern of seed placement offers an additional method to shape the dose volume. Gold is a high-Z metal which has been shown to stop 99.975% of low-energy 125I radiation and blocks even more 103Pd photons [6,14]. Most commonly a medical physicist is required to calculate the dose from seeded plaques.