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Work stress induced psychological disorders in construction
Published in Imriyas Kamardeen, Work Stress Induced Chronic Diseases in Construction, 2021
Stressors are physical and/or psychological demands to which an individual responds (Landy and Conte 2006). Numerous stressors in the workplace setting are identified in the occupational psychology literature, which are shown in Figure 2.1 and expounded in the following subsections.
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Published in James M. Rippe, Manual of Lifestyle Medicine, 2021
Significant improvements in health and quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS have now been demonstrated in a number of studies (23). The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has changed the way HIV is handled (24). People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have multiple psychological stressors at all stages of the illness. Immediately upon diagnosis, these individuals must face life-changing issues such as managing the illness, affording appropriate health care, and the daily struggles that accompany living with the stigmatization of HIV. Some techniques for managing psychological stressors include mindful meditation and motivational interviewing.
Treatment for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Navigating the Transition Through Depression and Menstrual Cycles
Published in Laura H. Choate, Depression in Girls and Women Across the Lifespan, 2019
While past traumas are risk factors for PMDD, so are current life stressors. Women who have more stressful lives report more severe premenstrual symptoms. Stressors include general life stress, daily life hassles, and job related stress (Freeman, 2017). Discrimination can be a particularly pervasive form of daily life stress; women who report gender, race, and other forms of discrimination are significantly more likely than other women to have PMDD (Pilver, Desai, Kasl, & Levy, 2011). Not only do women with PMDD report experiencing a greater number of stressors than other women, they are also more likely to perceive events as more stressful and to report that stressors are more upsetting, particularly during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. Stressors during the premenstrual phase are perceived as more challenging in part because women with PMDD experience greater physiological and emotional arousal to pain and less effective emotion regulation during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (Klatzkin et al., 2014; Petersen et al., 2016).
Stress, Coping, and Quality of Life Among Custodial Grandparents
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2023
Fengyan Tang, Ke Li, Mary Elizabeth Rauktis, Elizabeth M.Z. Farmer, Sharon McDaniel
Our findings imply that social work interventions need to focus on improving stress management to cope with parenting stress and daily stressors among custodial grandparents. They are struggling with high stress that is related to transition to parental roles, ongoing challenges of taking multiple roles, and managing grandchildren’s behavioral, educational, or health problems (Lee & Blitz, 2016). Social workers should be aware of grandparents’ parenting practices and stress sources, and provide effective coping resources and strategies that target the specific stressor. Stress management interventions can help with long-term implementation of stress management and buffer future stressors (Smith et al., 2015). At the mezzo level, social workers can link grandparents with support groups available in the community and provide information of and access to professional social services (Cox, 2020). Support groups are important sources to increase social support, reduce social isolation, develop a support network, and mobilize the existing social networks (McLaughlin et al., 2017). For some grandparents, a small group can work well and significantly improve formal support (Chan et al., 2019). During the pandemic, church and faith-based agencies were viewed as reliable sources of support, as shown in our interviews of grandparents (Authors, 2022).
Centella asiatica L. Urban protects against morphological aberrations induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in rat’s hippocampus via attenuation of oxidative stress
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2022
Saravanan Jagadeesan, Samaila Musa Chiroma, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin, Che Norma Mat Taib, Zulkhairi Amom, Thirupathirao Vishnumukkala, Warren Thomas, Onesimus Mahdi
Stress is a process where the physical and psychological demands of an individual, which are called the stressors, affect the ability of the individual or organism to adapt to the ensuing challenges [1]. There are different types of stressors which include acute and chronic, major and minor, and desirable and undesirable, which highlight the diversity of stresses that affect the life of an individual. Chronic stress occurs when a stressor persists or occurs as a repetition of an initial stressful event [2]. Postmortem studies on patients diagnosed with chronic stress-induced depression and on animal models of depression have demonstrated various changes including a decrease in the size of parts of the limbic system of the brain such as the hippocampus and amygdala [3]. In a study carried-out on a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model of depression, the CA1 region of the hippocampus showed irregularly arranged pyramidal neurons and different shapes of the mitochondria, including swollen mitochondria [4]. It has been demonstrated that when rats are subjected to chronic restraint stress, their neurons exhibited shrinkage of the nucleus, pyknosis of nuclei, with irregular and dispersed chromatin. In addition, the neuronal mitochondria appeared deformed, while the synaptic clefts were blurred [5].
Facing Repeated Stressors in a Motor Task: Does it Enhance or Diminish Resilience?
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2021
Yannick Hill, Nico W. Van Yperen, Ruud J. R. Den Hartigh
In order to study resilience in humans, two key elements are required. First, a stressor needs to occur and second, the adaptation to the stressor has to be captured (e.g., Galli & Gonzalez, 2015; Sarkar & Fletcher, 2013). These stressors can be of different types. Individuals need to adapt to ongoing changes in a dynamic environment as well as changing components within themselves, such as physiological structures (e.g., muscles), and psychological factors (e.g., self-efficacy, Balagué et al., 2017; Davids et al., 2003; Den Hartigh et al., 2018; Kelso et al., 1986; Newell, 1991, Seifert et al., 2013, 2016). Because alterations in constraints foster adaptations in the motor system, they can be understood as stressors (i.e., events that foster adaptations in an organism, Hill et al., 2020; Kiefer et al., 2018; Sato et al., 2006). In line with the conceptualization of motor development by Newell (1986), the changing components that foster adaptation may include task (i.e., relative to task goal) or organismic (i.e., within the movement system) constraints. Although the structural adaptation may differ across the stressors, the functional output (i.e., the return to the previous level of functioning), observable in the level of functioning over time, may be similar. This means that an alteration of a task constraint may trigger different structural changes in the performer-environment interaction than an alteration of an organismic constraint. However, the process of returning to the previous level of functioning should be observable following both types of constraint alterations.