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Somatoparaphrenia
Published in Alexander R. Toftness, Incredible Consequences of Brain Injury, 2023
Somatoparaphrenia may sound like a psychiatric disorder in which the person is altogether delirious, but that is often not the case—rather, this disorder seems to be partly due to a disruption to a person's conscious awareness of part of their body (Romano & Maravita, 2019). For whatever reason, the person's brain has lost the ability to put together a coherent body representation—merging the position of the limb in space with the person's recognition and feeling of ownership for that limb. Somatoparaphrenia seems to be related to delusional misidentification syndromes (see Capgras Syndrome), and may even be considered to be a delusional misidentification syndrome itself in which the person's brain has lost the ability to assign the appropriate identity to the limb (Kakegawa et al., 2020).
Current clinical practice in the screening and diagnosis of spatial neglect post-stroke: Findings from a multidisciplinary international survey
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2021
Matthew Checketts, Mauro Mancuso, Helena Fordell, Peii Chen, Kimberly Hreha, Gail A Eskes, Patrik Vuilleumier, Andy Vail, Audrey Bowen
Neurological assessments/clinical examination were popular amongst all countries, with between 60% and 75% of respondents indicating their use of these. They were most popular amongst physicians and physiotherapists, with psychologists and “other” professional groups significantly less likely to select this category. In terms of individual neurological assessments, there is a highly consistent pattern between them in terms of which professionals (and from which countries) select them. Selection of visual scanning and trunk rotation are exceptions to this general rule, which OTs are slightly more likely than physicians to use. Another exception is somatoparaphrenia, which physiotherapists rarely screen for. Physiotherapists were more likely to select all but four of the individual neurological assessments provided within the survey. The physiotherapists’ assessments mostly used observation, general attention, head position, motor neglect, trunk rotation, and posture.
Using non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation for neglect and associated attentional deficits following stroke
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Elena Olgiati, Paresh A. Malhotra
Clinically, patients present with an array of attentional deficits but in varying combinations. At the broadest level, all patients with neglect initially manifest spatially lateralized deficits, characterized by a disparity in performance in the left- vs. right-hand side of the space, which often present in tandem with non-lateralized cognitive deficits, such as a diminished ability to maintain attention over time. In addition, patients frequently show associated impairments that are not characteristics of neglect per se. These include a lack of awareness of their condition (i.e., anosognosia) and disorders of body representation (e.g., somatoparaphrenia), which can further hinder rehabilitation (Li & Malhotra, 2015).