China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Basic Research Design:
Published in Lynne M. Bianchi, Research during Medical Residency, 2022
Lynne M. Bianchi, Luke J. Rosielle, Justin Puller, Kristin Juhasz
Analytical cross-sectional studies are also subject to biases including selection bias and recall bias. For example, farmers whose fields were not sprayed with the pesticide may have other behaviors that limit their likelihood of developing skin cancer (membership bias, a form of selection bias). Other farmers may not recall which pesticides were used in the past 15 years (recall bias). These examples further illustrate why you cannot infer causality from an analytical cross-sectional study. It is simply impossible to rule out all biases that could explain your results.
Study Limitations to Consider
Published in Lisa Chasan-Taber, Writing Grant Proposals in Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, and Biostatistics, 2022
Recall bias occurs when having the disease influences the way that information is recalled. Most typically, cases tend to remember or report exposures differently than controls. For example, those diagnosed with a disease may overreport their history of a particular exposure because they suspect that it may have caused their disease. Recall bias is even more likely when the hypothesis of a potential association between exposure and disease is well known.
Relevant study design issues
Published in O. Ajetunmobi, Making Sense of Critical Appraisal, 2021
The impact of recall bias in a study can be reduced with the use of objective instruments and methods in the gathering or corroboration of information wherever applicable, for example structured interviews, hospital records, social service records, employment records, etc. Other studies may recruit people with another (though similar) disorder as control subjects so as to reduce the impact of recall bias.
Association of dietary total antioxidant capacity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: based on two retrospective cohort studies of NHANES
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Yue Li, Gui-Chen Ling, Rui-Bin Ni, Shi-Hao Ni, Shu-Ning Sun, Xin Liu, Jian-Ping Deng, Xiao-Lu Ou-Yang, Jin Li, Shao-Xiang Xian, Ling-Jun Wang, Tao-Chun Ye, Lu Lu
The major strength of our study is the use of the two most common methods (VCEAC and CDAI) to comprehensively evaluate the complex relations of DTAC with all-cause mortality and CVD mortality. The association between DTAC and all-cause mortality was consistent in the VCEAC and CDAI cohorts from well-established NHANES datasets. In addition, we also conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses and mediation analyses to show the robustness of the findings and evaluated individual antioxidant micronutrients. Nevertheless, our study also has several limitations. First, data regarding dietary total antioxidant intake were assessed by questionnaires. Therefore, recall bias may lead to inaccuracy. Furthermore, due to some missing ICD-10 codes, underestimating cardiovascular death events can increase the chance of type II errors. Finally, this study performed post hoc and exploratory subgroup analyses without a priori sample size calculations and should therefore be interpreted cautiously.
Prevalence and risk factors of chronic low back pain in university athletes: a cross-sectional study
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2023
Our study being a retrospective study, the findings might have been affected by recall bias. A response bias could have been created by acquiescence, socially desired responses, or excessive responses. We may have overestimated or underestimated the prevalence of CLBP due to both of these biases. Also, the analysis of prevalence rates in different sports disciplines should be interpreted carefully as it may have been affected by sample size effects. The likelihood of survivor bias is a major weakness of this study. Although the amount of CLBP-related disability in our sample was low to moderate, it is possible that athletes with higher levels of disability had abandoned training sessions and were not present when the researcher visited. A lack of studies reporting CLBP in sports has made the comparison difficult. Future studies may focus on the chronicity of LBP in sports.
Sleep Quality and Depressive Symptoms in Caregivers of Persons with Dementia: A Systematic Review
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2023
Rayhanah R. Almutairi, Jaclene A. Zauszniewski
The review has some limitations that should be considered. The articles included in the review have been published in the last 12 years and are limited to adult participants and the English language. Studies published before 12 years ago may capture other significant findings regarding the impacts of caregiving on sleep quality and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the studies included in the review were retrieved from four databases only. Another limitation is that we could have selected more comprehensive terms, such as “sleep circadian,” which may have helped to capture more relevant articles. Also, it is possible our search did not yield every existing study that met our inclusion criteria. The majority of studies used secondary data analysis with a cross-sectional design. Further, a majority of the studies used self-report measures, which could present recall bias. Secondary analysis and sample size may have potentially biased the results of the studies. Despite these limitations, this systematic review contributes to what is known about sleep quality and depressive symptoms among informal caregivers of persons with dementia.