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Building the patient profile
Published in Stephanie Martin, Working with Voice Disorders, 2020
Although there are many opinions on post-viral or chronic fatigue syndrome and similar illnesses, many clinicians have anecdotal details of patients suffering from such disorders with associated voice symptoms. While the differential diagnosis may pose some difficulties, it should not be too quickly labelled as a functional or psychosomatic disorder, but an accurate diagnosis should be pursued over time and supported by knowledge of the individual patient. In the author’s experience, the variation in the severity of the illness may be mirrored by similar variation of voice quality.
Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
Published in Marc H. De Baets, Hans J.G.H. Oosterhuis, Myasthenia Gravis, 2019
Excessive fatigue may be the first symptom of an organic disease, which must be reasonably excluded before it is attributed to a psychosomatic disorder. In most pseudomyasthenic patients no underlying somatic disorder can be diagnosed and most of them do not meet the rigid criteria for the tentative diagnosis chronic fatigue syndrome.128 In general, viral infections cannot be traced in their histories. In a study where the complaints of physical and mental fatigue and several parameters of general and psychological health were scored, the patients with chronic fatigue resembled more closely the patients with known psychiatric disorders than those with neuromuscular diseases, including MG.129 It remains to be seen whether recent immunologic findings (reduced suppressor cell activity and increased activation markers) sufficiently explain the clinical symptoms in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. In fact, these findings could not be related to any known human virus by serology, but they were not detectable in healthy individuals nor in patients with other diseases.130
Chronic Perineal Pain
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Giuseppe Chiarioni, William E. Whitehead
Chronic perineal pain syndromes are often neglected, but disabling, functional pain syndromes which have no underlying anorectal or pelvic organic disease aetiology.1 These syndromes are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for a number of specialists: surgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, urologists, gynaecologists, gastroenterologists and pain clinicians. In addition, a psychosomatic disorder is sometimes suspected due to the intense emotional involvement. These patients often consult to exclude minor anal pathology such as haemorrhoids and fissures, and any effort to rule out anorectal and endopelvic organic disease should be considered. As a matter of fact, a major danger is to label the pain as functional without thoroughly excluding a malignancy. Aetiology is obscure for most of these pain syndromes, but tense or overly contracted pelvic floor muscles have been traditionally considered a relevant causative factor deserving focused intervention to achieve pain relief.1 The lack of understanding is mirrored by the number of synonyms used to describe these pain syndromes, such as chronic idiopathic anal pain, anorectal neuralgia, spastic pelvic floor syndromes, levator ani syndrome, etc.1
Hypnosis in Treatment of Stomatodynia: Preliminary Retrospective Study of 12 Cases
Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 2021
Servane Maizeray, Jean Denis, Giorgina Barbara Piccoli, Antoine Chatrenet, Hervé Maillard
There is very limited data on hypnosis in stomatodynia treatment. The treatment of this psychosomatic disorder is still poorly standardized. In general, stomatodynia can be managed by pharmacological or psychological means or by a combination of both. Evidence on the impact of hypnosis in reducing the pain of stomatodynia is scant. The purpose of this case series was to investigate the potential utility of hypnosis in improving the pain, anxiety, and depression found in stomatodynia. This study showed promising results: patients reported on overall decrease in pain, anxiety, and depression levels. The improvement allowed 3 of 6 patients on chronic treatment to discontinue it. All patients reported enjoying the hypnosis experience and feeling at least some benefits. Indeed 5 of 12 patients asked to continue this therapeutic pathway with self-hypnosis. Of note, in this nonrandomized clinical study, patients were exposed to a different number of hypnosis session. While no difference was found in the results, according to the number of sessions, there may have been a negative selection (those with worse pain underwent more sessions). However, patients who attended the same number of sessions had different NRS pain rating and HADS scores, highlighting the importance of assessing the subjective feelings of patients and not just objective scores.
The relationship between internet addiction and psychosomatic disorders in Iranian undergraduate nursing students: a cross-sectional study
Published in Journal of Addictive Diseases, 2020
Fatemeh Feizy, Efat Sadeghian, Farshid Shamsaei, Lily Tapak
Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder, which does not involve use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling. Similar to other addictions, those suffering from IA use the virtual imagination world to join people through the internet, as a substitution for real-life human connection, which they are unable to achieve normally.10 Internet addiction is an emerging public health problem and behavioral problems have been correlated with IA.11 However, some researchers have associated IA with several psychiatric disorders, including depressive and anxiety symptoms, low self-esteem, impulsivity, and sleep disorders.12–14 Since the internet is an important phenomenon, many questions regarding its potential impact on health status remain unanswered. On the other hand, although many studies on the associations between AI and physical and psychological health have been carried out, some questions remain, and few studies have been conducted on the relationship between IA and psychosomatic disorders. Psychosomatic disorder is characterized by somatic symptoms (such as pain, fatigue and gastrointestinal problems) that are distressing or result in significant disruption to daily functioning, and are persistent, although the actual nature of the symptom may vary over time.15
Mental health and wellbeing of medical students in Nigeria: a systematic review
Published in International Review of Psychiatry, 2019
Oluyomi Esan, Arinola Esan, Ayorinde Folasire, Philip Oluwajulugbe
A study assessed for the presence of somatization among medical students. The prevalence of psychosomatic disorder was 14.3%. No risk factors were significantly associated with somatization (Chinawa et al., 2016) Table 3.