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Supporting women in their next pregnancy
Published in Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson, Listening to Women After Childbirth, 2020
Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson
Pain catastrophising is a negative cognitive-affective response to pain. Within the chronic pain literature, it is a well-known phenomenon, linked to the fear avoidance model whereby pain catastrophising and personal determinants, such as negative affectivity, affect how someone evaluates pain (Vlaeyen & Linton, 2000). Negative affectivity refers to a tendency by individuals to scan their environment for threat and interpret ambiguous stimuli in a negative and threatening manner. Pain catastrophising is typified by a predisposition to magnify the threat of pain and to feel helpless when anticipating a painful encounter, during the painful event and following a painful event (Quartana et al, 2009). In relation to childbirth, there is evidence that pain catastrophising is associated with higher ratings of both anticipated and experienced pain during childbirth (Flink et al, 2009; Junge et al, 2018) and a preference for choosing a planned caesarean section (Dehghani et al, 2014). We know that women fear intolerable pain during labour (Striebich et al, 2018). Understanding pain perception from a psychological perspective enables us to better understand how the anticipation of labour pain may be cognitively appraised by women during pregnancy.
Perimenstrual Negative Affect: Development and Testing of an Explanatory Model
Published in Diana L. Taylor, Nancy F. Woods, Menstruation, Health, and Illness, 2019
Diana Taylor, Nancy F. Woods, Martha J. Lentz, Ellen S. Mitchell, Kathryn A. Lee
The finding that women who are generally distressed also have PNA may reflect some women’s experience of negative affectivity, a disposition to experience adversive emotional states. Individuals with high negative affectivity tend to be distressed and have a negative view of themselves. Individuals with negative affectivity report nervousness, tension, worry, anger, scorn, revulsion, guilt, self-dissatisfaction, sense of rejection, and sadness. Individuals with negative affectivity are likely to feel negative at all times and in different situations, regardless of overt stress. Moreover, individuals with high negativity are especially sensitive to minor failures, frustrations, and limitations of daily life (Watson & Clark, 1984). It is possible that negative affectivity may mediate the effects of a stressful life on PNA for some women. This explanation would account for the relationship observed between depression and anxiety and perimenstrual symptoms in other studies (Clare, 1983).
Personality and eating disorders
Published in Stephen Wonderlich, James E Mitchell, Martina de Zwaan, Howard Steiger, Annual Review of Eating Disorders Part 2 – 2006, 2018
Drew Westen, Heather Thompson-Brenner, Joanne Peart
Studies using omnibus trait measures have tended to produce a similar portrait of AN patients to that painted by studies of clinically observed traits: high in negative affectivity or neuroticism (anxious, fearful, and harm avoidant) and obsessionality (persistent). These results have begun to replicate cross-culturally, particularly for restricting AN (Nagata et al. 2003). BN patients, on the other hand, do not seem to fit any single profile. Like AN patients, they tend to be high in negative affectivity. However, some studies have shown bulimia patients to resemble AN patients in other respects, whereas others have found them to be more extraverted, impulsive, novelty seeking, and reward dependent (for similar cross-cultural data, seeNagata et al. 2003; Vervaet et al. 2004). Emerging research has begun to link both the compulsivity and perfectionism seen in AN patients and the impulsivity often seen in BN patients with serotonin dysregulation (e.g. Kaye et al. 2003).
Psychiatric disorders, rumination, and metacognitions in patients with type D personality and coronary heart disease
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2023
Toril Dammen, John Munkhaugen, Elise Sverre, Torbjørn Moum, Costas Papageorgiou
Type D personality is an established risk factor for the development and poor prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) [1], and it is included in the European Cardiovascular Prevention Guidelines as a risk factor to screen for [2]. Type D personality or Distressed personality [3] is ‘characterized by the combination of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI)’ [4]. Negative affectivity is the tendency to experience negative emotions across time and situations and is associated with feelings of dysphoria. Social inhibition, or the tendency to inhibit the expression of emotions or behavior, is a major determinant of social distress and is associated with the avoidance of negative reactions from others [4]. Both traits describe psychologically vulnerable individuals and can be assessed using the type D scale or DS14 [3]. The prevalence rates of Type D personality in patients with CHD range from 18% to 53% [5] and most recently it was argued that type D personality should be taken into account in patient-oriented CHD treatment [6].
Psychological pain: A moderating factor between personality psychopathology and self-harm
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2023
Kelci C. Davis, Jaime L. Anderson
Additional research on the relation between psychological pain and personality psychopathology (and more specifically, Disinhibition and Psychoticism) would benefit the field of research on self-harm and provide insight into potential intervention points to limit the risk of harmful behaviors. Although a variety of studies have found effective interventions for self-harm (see Flaherty52 for a review for adolescents, and Hawton and colleagues53 for a review for adults), no therapies specifically targeting psychological pain have been examined. This study also provides some reflection on the AMPD and dimensional approach to personality psychopathology. As the field continues to embrace dimensional approaches, it is crucial to reexamine established trends, relations, and constructs under this new lens. This study’s findings related to Negative Affectivity demonstrate the potential transdiagnostic nature of this facet of personality. Dimensional methods allow for these findings to be applied to multiple diagnoses and manifestations of symptoms and can provide a much more diverse picture of psychological pain and self-harm.
Factorial Structure and Nomological Network of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits Accounting for Item Keying Variance
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2021
Chrystalla C. Koutsogiorgi, Alexandros Lordos, Kostas A. Fanti, Michalis P. Michaelides
The correlations of unemotionality with externalizing and internalizing behaviors are more variable across studies (Cardinale & Marsh, 2020; Essau et al., 2006). Unlike the other two subscales, prior work suggested that unemotionality is weakly or not associated with externalizing behaviors and other dimensions of psychopathy (for a review see Cardinale & Marsh, 2020). In addition, it has been negatively associated with negative affectivity (Essau et al., 2006; Roose et al., 2010) and emotional reactivity to distressing stimuli (Kimonis et al., 2008), suggesting that it probably captures an aspect of deficient affect (Ciucci et al., 2014). Therefore, the contribution of the unemotional factor to delineate a sub-group of youth with particularly severe CD is under dispute (Cardinale & Marsh, 2020).