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pH Management During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Circulatory Arrest
Published in Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger, Joseph J. Volpe, John W. Kirklin, Brain Injury and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 2019
The Bayley Scales of Infant Development were administered to children younger than 30 months of age (n = 4).10 This instrument yields two scores, the Mental Development Index and the Psychomotor Development Index. The McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities were administered to children who were at least 30 months of age (n = 12).11 This instrument yields a General Cognitive Index and five scale scores: Verbal, Perceptual-Performance, Quantitative, Memory, and Motor. In this retrospective study we focused on global indices of early cognitive function, namely, the Mental Development Index of the Bayley Scales and the General Cognitive Index of the McCarthy Scales. Both were originally age-normed to have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 16. Recent data suggests that the population mean has drifted upward to approximately 110.
Annexes
Published in Claude Leray, Dietary Lipids for Healthy Brain Function, 2017
This test was created by D. Wechsler for children aged 6–17 years; it has been also adapted for adults. The most used version is that of 1996. It is the most-used psychometric test in the world and is used even for kids in major difficulties. It comprises two groups of questions in two general areas: verbal scales and performance scales. Verbal scales measure general knowledge, language, reasoning, and memory capabilities. Performance scales measure the abilities to solve orientation problems in space and analysis. This scale seems to offer certain advantages over the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities and also the Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales.
Intellectual efficiency in children and adolescents with spina bifida myelomeningocele and shunted hydrocephalus
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2018
Francesca Burro, Armando Cama, Vicenza Lertora, Edvige Veneselli, Serena Rossetti, Lina Pezzuti
Again, 5- to 7-year-old HC children showed poorer nonverbal skills than verbal skills (e.g., performance IQ < verbal IQ) on measures from the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities (Fletcher, Thompson, Brokshire, Nohan, & Landry, 1992), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-revised (WISC-R; Wechlser, 1972), and composites of neuropsychological skills tests (Brookshire et al., 1995). This discrepancy is not marked in MMC without HC (Casari & Fantino, 1998). Also, this discrepancy becomes less significant in adult patients with HC evaluated with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R; Wechlser, 1981).
Provision of rehabilitation services for children with disabilities living in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2019
Dawn Magnusson, Frank Sweeney, Michel Landry
Of the 43 articles addressing the identification of children with disabilities, 31 described screening tools and 14 described assessment or diagnostic tools (note: studies by Rubio-Codina et al. and Wang et al. are included under both screening and assessment categories); 35 articles (81%) provided key psychometric properties of the tool. The majority of developmental screening tools identified children with or at risk for unspecified developmental delay: The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II, The Mongolian Rapid Baby Scale, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire v3, the Developmental Screening Questionnaire, the Key Informant Method, the Trivandrum Developmental Screening Chart, the Denver-II, the Batelle Developmental Inventory Screener, and the Developmental Screening Instrument. Eight developmental screening strategies identified children with or at risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, the Social Responsiveness Scale, the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, the Autism Behavior Checklist, a modified version of the 10-Questions screener, the Hiva (based on the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale), the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test, and the Clancy Autism Behavior Scale. Four developmental screening strategy identified children with or at risk for social-emotional impairments: the Pediatric Symptom Checklist, the Social Competence Scale, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Parental Concerns Questionnaire. Three developmental screening strategies identified children with or at risk for motor delay: The Modified Washington Group Screener, the Infant Gross Motor Screening Test, and the Infant Neurological International Battery. One screening tool identified children with or at risk for cognitive delay: The McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities. Specialists administered the screening tool in 11 studies, non-specialist community members administered the screening tool in seven studies, and caregivers completed the screening tool in 14 studies.