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Psychosocial treatments
Published in Ilana B. Crome, Richard Williams, Roger Bloor, Xenofon Sgouros, Substance Misuse and Young People, 2019
Substance misuse among adolescents can have a significant impact on all areas of adolescent functioning, including emotional well-being, mental and physical health and social, educational and relationship functioning. While the evidence base for treating adolescents who misuse substances is relatively limited when compared to the adult population, there is increasing evidence to support the use of psychosocial interventions. A comprehensive needs assessment can inform the most appropriate treatment approach for each young person and, in many cases, a young person may benefit from a range of interventions focusing on both their substance misuse and targeting associated difficulties. A tiered approach to treatment is required, as young people will have differing levels of need. The range of available treatment options ranges from those brief interventions that can be delivered for a larger number of young people accessing health and educational services to highly specialist treatment programmes such as MST delivered to a smaller number of cases by specialist practitioners. Engaging young people remains a significant challenge for many therapeutic services and while the use of technological media to deliver interventions has yet to be robustly evaluated, it provides another means by which to engage young people.
Electrical Brain Stimulation to Treat Neurological Disorders
Published in Bahman Zohuri, Patrick J. McDaniel, Electrical Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders, 2019
Bahman Zohuri, Patrick J. McDaniel
MST is in the early stages of testing for mental disorders, but initial results are promising. A recent review article that examined the evidence from eight clinical studies found that MST triggered remission from major depression or bipolar disorder in 30–40% of individuals.
Healthcare for American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Veterans
Published in Kant Patel, Mark Rushefsky, Healthcare Politics and Policy in America, 2019
Military sexual trauma (MST) is the term the DVA uses to refer to sexual assault or repeated threatening sexual harassment that occurs during military service. This includes any sexual activity against one’s will, being pressured into sexual activity, and events where an individual may have been unable to consent to sexual activity or may have been physically forced into sexual activity (“VA Services for Military Sexual Trauma: Help, Hope, Healing” n.d.). For women veterans, in-service sexual assaults and sexual harassment have long-term health implications. Research shows that psychosocial health complications of sexual assault include increased risk of suicide, depression, alcohol and drug abuse, sexual dysfunction, and PTSD. Similarly, in-service sexual harassment is also demonstrated to be related to adverse psychiatric outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Women veteran VA patients also suffer as heavy a burden of physical and mental illness as do men in the VA system (Frayne et al. 2006; Murdoch et al. 2006). Sexual harassment is also associated with many later mental health symptoms including PTSD and anxiety (Carlson, Stromwall, and Lietz 2013).
The Experiences of Female Student Service Members and Veterans as Depicted Through Photovoice
Published in Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 2022
A majority of veterans are male, with females representing only 15% (Hawkins & Crowe, 2018), however female veterans constitute an increasing proportion of those entering college, representing 27% of enrolled (SSM/V) (Schonfeld et al., 2015). Female veterans may face additional service-related challenges, including those related to their reportedly higher incidence of conditions such as military sexual trauma (MST), PTSD, depression, identity related issues, and a decreased level of perceived social support (Baechtold & De Sawal, 2009; Hawkins & Crowe, 2018; Mankowski & Everett, 2016). Consequences of MST may include anxiety, substance abuse, depression, chronic health problems and chronic pain, as well as feelings of loneliness and isolation upon return to civilian life (Allard et al., 2011; Skinner et al., 2000). Literature also indicates that service women in the military are hesitant to request assistance, in the effort to assert themselves as equal to their male counterparts (Baechtold, & De Sawal, 2009), and are less likely to advocate for help and to reach out to others for assistance upon their return to civilian life (Iverson et al., 2016).
The Impact of Service Referral and Engagement on Juvenile Recidivism
Published in Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2020
The social service agencies that are part of the COPY team include local providers of the Big Brother Big Sisters (BBBS) mentoring program (Tierney, 1995) and the MST intensive home- and community-based program (Henggeler et al., 2009). BBBS mentoring has been recognized as a well-validated evidence-based strategy for promoting positive youth development (Tierney et al., 2000). For the COPY program, BBBS offers 1:1 mentoring services and educational/vocational support workshops. MST has been recognized as a well-validated evidence-based strategy for reducing juvenile offending (Schoenwald, 2008). In MST, masters-level clinical therapists with small caseloads (typically fewer than five active cases) provide and support a variety of interventions designed to promote better family interactions, improved parent monitoring of youth, and youth engagement in prosocial activities. For the COPY program, therapists from CSI provide MST services to youth and their families.
When women veterans return: The role of postsecondary education in transition in their civilian lives
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2019
David Luther Albright, Kate Hendricks Thomas, Justin McDaniel, Kari Lynne Fletcher, Kelli Godfrey, Jessica Bertram, Caroline Angel
When it pertains to transitioning home postmilitary service, women veterans may grapple with factors that differ from their male counterparts. One pertains to the role that gender identity plays in their life. When in the military, celebrated mannerisms and self-images are highly-masculinized. When returning to civilian life, many women find it difficult to adjust to typical societal expectations and may question their own gender identity.10 Military sexual trauma, or MST, is the term used to describe sexual assault or harassment that takes place during military service. The VA reports that 23% of women reported sexual assault while in the military and 55% reported some form of sexual harassment.13 These numbers stress the need for ongoing trauma-informed support both in and outside of the military.