China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Learning Engineering is Human-Centered
Published in Jim Goodell, Janet Kolodner, Learning Engineering Toolkit, 2023
Khanh-Phuong Thai, Scotty D. Craig, Jim Goodell, Jodi Lis, Jordan Richard Schoenherr, Janet Kolodner
Human-centered design requires at least the following six activities: 8Observation, consulting the appropriate research literature, and interviews to understand the target end users and their environment.Ideation, coming up with options for addressing the challenge, focuses on designing toward what’s learned through those investigations.Rapid prototyping is done to make design ideas concrete so they can be presented to end users and other stakeholders for comment and testing.User testing around the prototype is done with the purpose of collecting preference and usability data from end users.Redesign of ideas and prototypes improves on the prototype based on those data.The process is repeated using iteratively more sophisticated prototypes, increasingly real environments, and an increasingly diverse set of end users and other stakeholders until a satisfactory solution is achieved.
Trauma Defenses
Published in Alice Bullard, Spiritual and Mental Health Crisis in Globalizing Senegal, 2022
Humans, however, ceaselessly adopt their physiological state into their emotions, their perceptions, and from thence into conscious narration. Within that rich, complicated process, we focus for the moment only on the narration. Denial and dissociation promote stories of elision. That which is left out of the story is the denied. Metaphysical content of such narration has stood as a dividing ground from the scientific, rational narratives. This chapter, however, emphasizes the common ground of physiological autonomic dorsal vagal states that give rise to denial, dissociation, and magical thinking. This physiological process is universal even if narrative differs among individuals, and between groups. Equally true, denial conditions narrative scope, perspective, and modality. Consciousness arises in interaction with physiological state and feeds back into the neurobiological mechanisms. Affective perception of external stimuli and interoception of the body itself might share common qualities with a larger or smaller group, or might be idiosyncratic. Dysfunctional idiosyncratic perception and ideation characterizes mental illness.
The needs of migrants in transit
Published in Miriam Orcutt, Clare Shortall, Sarah Walpole, Aula Abbara, Sylvia Garry, Rita Issa, Alimuddin Zumla, Ibrahim Abubakar, Handbook of Refugee Health, 2021
Olaa Mohamed-Ahmed, Samafilan Ainan, Grazia Caleo, Abdulkarim Ekzayez, Osama Elgamal, Najeeb Rahman, Sakib Rokadiya, Afifah Rahman-Shepherd, Osman Dar
Suicidal ideation ranges from having thoughts about committing suicide to expressing a clear method or plan to commit suicide. When assessing the risk of suicide in persons expressing suicidal thoughts, particularly consider the following:Previous self-harm or suicide attemptsAccess to lethal methodsCurrent medicationsHistory of alcohol or substance useDiagnosed mental health conditions and depressive or other psychiatric symptomsSocial support and current context (e.g. if detained or on the move)
Nonmedical Social Determinants, Syndemic Conditions, and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in a Treatment-seeking Community Sample: A Latent Class Analysis
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2023
Jillian R. Scheer, Emily C. Helminen, Joshua C. Felver, Deb Coolhart
Research should identify underlying mechanisms (e.g., emotion dysregulation, sensation seeking, negative urgency) associated with syndemic conditions and STB (Anderson, Smith, Mason, & Crowther, 2018), particularly among people of color, sexual minority individuals, cisgender women, and those experiencing financial stress. Testing fine-grained symptom-level associations by using network analytic or micro-longitudinal approaches could facilitate a better understanding of relative interconnectedness across syndemic conditions in treatment-seeking samples (Cusack, Christian, Drake, & Levinson, 2021). Future studies should consider using person-centered approaches to examine ideation-to-action mechanisms (e.g., thwarted belongingness, acquired capability) alongside syndemic conditions to further clarify patterns of STB among treatment-seeking samples (Marraccini, Brick, O’Neill, Weyandt, & Buchanan, 2021). Finally, future research should use machine learning approaches to model complex, mutually reinforcing relationships among nonmedical social determinants, syndemic conditions, and STB by focusing on risk algorithms in predicting suicidality (Franklin et al., 2017).
Differential Predictors of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: Internalizing Disorders and Substance Use in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents
Published in Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2022
Lauren M. Berny, Emily E. Tanner-Smith
The high rates of suicidal ideation and attempts observed in this sample underscore the need for integrating evidence-based suicide prevention and intervention efforts into SUD treatment for adolescents, particularly for those with internalizing disorders and trauma histories. Due to the different risk factors for suicidal ideation and attempts, treatments should be tailored accordingly. Psychotherapy and medication may help curtail the development of ideation by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, whereas adolescents with prior traumatic experiences may benefit from additional treatments shown to lower risk of suicide attempts. In order to establish a comprehensive safety net, SUD treatment facilities should consider focusing on implementing a broad array of strategies—such as clinician-focused education, safety planning, and lethal means restriction—that target different levels of suicide prevention (Ferguson et al., 2018; Nuij et al., 2021; Zalsman et al., 2016). Furthermore, the strong association between weapon violence victimization and suicide attempts highlights how adolescents’ environments may contribute to suicide risk. As such, preventive efforts would benefit from placing more attention on targeting environmental stressors as well as promoting safe and supportive environments (King et al., 2018).
Examining suicide risk in individuals with autism spectrum disorder via the interpersonal theory of suicide: clinical insights and recommendations
Published in Children's Health Care, 2020
Building upon Shneidman’s work, modern theories of suicide utilize “ideation-to-action” frameworks, in which suicide ideation and suicidal behavior are viewed as having distinct risk markers and causal processes (Klonsky & May, 2015). Ideation-to-action theories distinguish between the causal processes that lead to suicide ideation (e.g., as a result of unmet psychological needs) and the subsequent or co-occurring processes that enable individuals with suicide ideation to engage in suicidal action. Ideation-to-action frameworks emphasize the distinction between wanting to die by suicide (i.e., suicide ideation, including passive and active thoughts of suicide, planning, and preparatory behaviors) and acting on that suicidal desire (i.e., serious suicide attempts or death by suicide). Though several ideation-to-action theories have been proposed, the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS; Joiner, 2005; Van Orden et al., 2010) has accrued the most empirical support, to date. The ITS offers a parsimonious explanatory framework while also providing insight into the causal precursors of suicide-related behaviors. The core concepts of the ITS are reflected in other prominent modern theories of suicide, including the three-step theory (Klonsky & May, 2015) and integrated motivational volitional model of suicide (O’Connor, 2011), making the ITS an excellent starting point for conceptualizing suicide risk.