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Transgender, Genderqueer, and Non-Binary Identities
Published in Vincent La Placa, Julia Morgan, Social Science Perspectives on Global Public Health, 2023
Danielle J. Roe, Jason Schaub, Jessica Lynn, Panagiotis Pentaris
In particular, waiting for treatment was shown to have a significant negative impact on mental health outcomes, even for young people (Carlile et al., 2021). Individuals with gender dysphoria may experience several different mental health issues, which can be linked to a long history of seeking treatment, and experiencing discrimination (Murad et al., 2010). It is important to identify the centrality of the role of mental health professionals to accessing and receiving health treatment, a situation that is not found elsewhere in healthcare (Ehrensaft, 2017). There are some calls to challenge this gatekeeping (Ettner and Wylie, 2013), with some suggesting that it unfairly pathologises trans and non-binary gender identities, and individual’s search for support and appropriate healthcare. What is clear is that for people with gender dysphoria, most of them felt their mental health was better after transitioning, reducing both suicidality and suicide attempts (McNeil et al., 2012).
Gender Identity and Leadership
Published in Danielle Laraque-Arena, Lauren J. Germain, Virginia Young, Rivers Laraque-Ho, Leadership at the Intersection of Gender and Race in Healthcare and Science, 2022
There is a bitter history of pathologizing and punishing gender nonconformity with forced institutionalization and extreme or experimental medical interventions, and it is ongoing. Diagnostic criteria, however benevolently extended, provide a structure for incorporating transness into the existing world order without forcing us to ask any big questions about the role of sex and gender in our society. “Transsexualism” and “gender identity disorder” are still classified as mental disorders in the ICD-10, although they will be moved to a less overtly stigmatizing section on sexual health in the forthcoming 2022 update (Haynes, 2019). The DSM-5's 2013 release re-tooled the diagnosis as “gender dysphoria” in an intentional move away from the problematic implications of “disorder” (American Psychological Association, 2013). Although the recent language is careful to avoid any suggestion of moral failing or social disease, it still presumes to define the transgender identity as a condition in need of treatment, and through those parameters mediate access to treatment. An official diagnosis of gender dysphoria is often prerequisite for hormone therapy or gender-affirming surgery, or insurance coverage for those kinds of things.
Transgender health in pregnancy and the postpartum period
Published in Nadia Barghouthi, Jessica Perini, Endocrine Diseases in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, 2021
Testosterone discontinuationIn patients who are amenorrheic on current GAHT, cessation of testosterone may help hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis recovery and stimulate resumption of ovulation.Testosterone (pregnancy category X) use is contraindicated in pregnancy due to androgenic and teratogenic effects on the fetus. Therefore, testosterone should be discontinued, preferably if attempting conception or upon recognition of pregnancy.There is no recommended time interval between cessation of testosterone and conception.Discontinuation of gender-affirming hormones may lead to significant gender dysphoria.For patients actively planning pregnancy, other options for fertility include using the patient’s own or donor oocytes and sperm from a spouse, partner, or donor.
Preferences for and barriers to gender affirming surgeries in transgender and non-binary individuals
Published in International Journal of Transgender Health, 2022
Bita Tristani-Firouzi, Jacob Veith, Andrew Simpson, Kelly Hoerger, Andy Rivera, Cori A. Agarwal
The mental health data obtained in the survey highlights the vulnerability of this population. Over half of the respondents indicated being diagnosed with anxiety and depression. 45% reported having a suicide attempt at least once in their life, which is 75 times higher than the average population (0.6%) (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017). For many trans/non-binary individuals, treatment of their gender dysphoria is intimately linked to treatment of their mental health conditions (Dhejne et al., 2016). Surgical procedures such as top, bottom, and facial feminization procedures have been shown to decrease gender dysphoria and improve body satisfaction for trans/non-binary individuals (Van de Grift et al., 2017). These procedures are medically necessary and given the strong evidence that interest for them is increasing, more effort must be made to make these therapies safe and accessible. Thus, understanding their needs for and barriers to gender affirming surgery an important step to ensure that appropriate care is made available for this population.
“A little shiny gender breakthrough”: Community understandings of gender euphoria
Published in International Journal of Transgender Health, 2022
Will J. Beischel, Stéphanie E. M. Gauvin, Sari M. van Anders
Gender dysphoria, or the distress arising from conflicts between a person’s gender identity or expression and their assigned gender/sex,1 has been central to psychological sciences’ understandings of transgender (or trans) identity and experience for decades (American Psychiatric Association, 2013a; Pang et al., 2017). However, trans theorists and community members have criticized this focus on dysphoria for its sole attention to the negative, over-medicalized aspects of gender/sex minority2 experiences (e.g., Ashley, 2019a; Silbernagel, 2019). Partly as a result, some trans and nonbinary individuals are using “gender euphoria” to describe their powerfully positive experiences of gender (e.g., Menon, 2016; Newman, 2018). Despite the importance of this term to gender/sex minority communities, very little is known in psychological research about how people conceptualize gender euphoria, what kinds of experiences may lead to gender euphoria, and its relationship to dysphoria.
Sexual Self-Concept Discrepancies Mediate the Relation between Gender Dysphoria Sexual Esteem and Sexual Attitudes in Binary Transgender Individuals
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2022
Mathilde Kennis, Felix Duecker, Guy T’Sjoen, Alexander T. Sack, Marieke Dewitte
To advance current treatment aiming to develop a more positive SSC in transgender individuals, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms via which gender dysphoria affects SSC components. For many, the most common and effective way to treat gender dysphoria will include gender affirming surgery (World Professional Association of Transgender Health, n.d.), but this type of care is not always accessible for all transgender people (because of financial, social, or other circumstances) and often the waiting lists are long. Additionally, even after receiving the desired gender affirming surgery, some transgender individuals will still experience an incongruence between their gender identity and body (Doorduin & van Berlo, 2014). Therefore, some transgender individuals have to live with their gender dysphoria for a long time or even forever, which increases the need for additional treatment targets in order to improve sexual wellbeing.