China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Supporting women in their next pregnancy
Published in Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson, Listening to Women After Childbirth, 2020
Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson
Pain catastrophising is a negative cognitive-affective response to pain. Within the chronic pain literature, it is a well-known phenomenon, linked to the fear avoidance model whereby pain catastrophising and personal determinants, such as negative affectivity, affect how someone evaluates pain (Vlaeyen & Linton, 2000). Negative affectivity refers to a tendency by individuals to scan their environment for threat and interpret ambiguous stimuli in a negative and threatening manner. Pain catastrophising is typified by a predisposition to magnify the threat of pain and to feel helpless when anticipating a painful encounter, during the painful event and following a painful event (Quartana et al, 2009). In relation to childbirth, there is evidence that pain catastrophising is associated with higher ratings of both anticipated and experienced pain during childbirth (Flink et al, 2009; Junge et al, 2018) and a preference for choosing a planned caesarean section (Dehghani et al, 2014). We know that women fear intolerable pain during labour (Striebich et al, 2018). Understanding pain perception from a psychological perspective enables us to better understand how the anticipation of labour pain may be cognitively appraised by women during pregnancy.
Co-occurring PTSD and Chronic Pain
Published in Andrea Kohn Maikovich-Fong, Handbook of Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Pain, 2019
John D. Otis, Christina Hardway
The Cognitive-Behavioral Fear-Avoidance Model of Pain may provide some insight into the interaction between anxiety and pain (Vlaeyen & Linton, 2000). According to this model, when some individuals experience a painful condition, they interpret it as overly threatening, a process called “catastrophizing.” This interpretation contributes to an increased fear of pain, the avoidance of activities that have the potential to cause pain, guarding behaviors (e.g., bracing, walking slowly), and hypervigilance to painful sensations. All of these factors can contribute to increased anxiety and depressed mood (Flink, Boersma, & Linton, 2013; Racine et al., 2016; Ramirez-Maestre, Esteve, Ruiz-Parraga, Gomez-Perez, & Lopez-Martinez, 2017).
Cognitive-behavior therapy for chronic pain in adults
Published in Peter R Wilson, Paul J Watson, Jennifer A Haythornthwaite, Troels S Jensen, Clinical Pain Management, 2008
Stephen Morley, Christopher Eccleston
Behavioral experiments are an integral part of mainstream cognitive therapy27 and seen as a significant vehicle for producing cognitive and behavioral change. Behavioral experiments are developed to test individual’s beliefs about the consequences (emotional, behavioral, and cognitive) of either engaging or not engaging in particular behaviors. Behavioral experiments can be used to help with many of the problems that are experienced by patients with chronic pain. The clearest example of the use of behavioral experimentation has emerged in the therapeutic application of the fear-avoidance model.28, 29 [III] This model proposes that a proportion of chronic pain patients are inactive because they fear that movement will produce physical damage to their bodies, i.e. their behavior is negatively reinforced by the avoidance and reduction of anxiety. Treatment comprises analyses of the patient’s avoidance behavior and the development of a hierarchy of feared situations. Patients’ predictions about what will happen if they engage in the feared behavior are elicited and subsequently tested by helping them to complete the behavior while not escaping from the situation; this leads to disconfirmation of their predictions, fear reduction, and increased behavioral activity.
Associations between psychological factors and daily step count in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Masakazu Minetama, Mamoru Kawakami, Masatoshi Teraguchi, Ryohei Kagotani, Yoshimasa Mera, Tadashi Sumiya, Masafumi Nakagawa, Yoshio Yamamoto, Sachika Matsuo, Nana Sakon, Tomohiro Nakatani, Tomoko Kitano, Yukihiro Nakagawa
Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and fear-avoidance beliefs can influence pain and disability, and contribute to poor outcomes in people with LSS (Burgstaller et al., 2017; Kitano et al., 2020; McKillop, Carroll, and Battié, 2014). The fear-avoidance model is a theoretical model that describes how psychological factors affect the experience of pain and the development of chronic pain and disability (Vlaeyen and Linton, 2000). This model theorizes that for some people, negative beliefs about pain and/or negative illness information lead to a catastrophizing response in which the worst possible outcome is imagined. This leads to fear of activity and avoidance, which in turn causes disuse and resultant distress, and reinforces the original negative appraisal in a deleterious cycle. The fear-avoidance model postulates that greater fear of movement is associated with the development of avoidance behavior, which eventually leads to greater disability and physical inactivity.
Generalized joint hypermobility and perceived harmfulness in healthy adolescents; impact on muscle strength, motor performance and physical activity level
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2021
Thijs Van Meulenbroek, Ivan Huijnen, Nicole Stappers, Raoul Engelbert, Jeanine Verbunt
Thus, it remains unclear whether a lower level of physical functioning in G-HSD/hEDS is caused by GJH itself or whether it is due to pain or the anticipation of pain. It could be hypothesized that, due to GJH, an individual may learn to avoid or to be more careful during complex activities requiring more joint control, in order to prevent the development of musculoskeletal complaints or injuries. This behavior seems in line with avoidance behavior described in the fear-avoidance model to explain the disabling role of pain-related fear in chronic pain (Leeuw et al., 2007; Simons and Kaczynski, 2012). However, it is unclear whether individuals with asymptomatic GJH also perceive complex activities as potentially more harmful compared to individuals without GJH. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine whether adolescents with asymptomatic GJH have lower physical functioning levels, by assessing muscle strength, motor performance and PAL compared to non-hypermobile adolescents. In addition, the second aim was to evaluate whether the negative impact of perceived harmfulness on muscle strength, motor performance and PAL was more pronounced in adolescents with asymptomatic GJH compared to non-hypermobile adolescents.
Cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce persistent postsurgical pain following internal fixation of extremity fractures (COPE): Rationale for a randomized controlled trial
Published in Canadian Journal of Pain, 2019
Matilda E. Nowakowski, Randi E. McCabe, Jason W. Busse
Week 3 will provide an introduction to the fear avoidance model and modification of behavioral responses to pain (module 7). The fear avoidance model states that recovery following an injury follows one of two pathways depending on the interpretation of pain. If pain during the recovery process is interpreted as a nonthreatening normal part of recovery, then there is a gradual return to normal activities. On the other hand, if pain during the recovery process is interpreted as threatening and dangerous, then anxiety and fear develop, leading to avoidance of activities and disuse of the affected limb and a prolonged pain experience.37 As such, week 3 will focus on identification of any avoided and/or feared movements or activities that have been deemed as safe and engagement in gradual exposures to the feared/avoided movements or activities, noting anxious predictions, actual outcomes, and learning. The goal of the exposures is for participants to acquire accurate data as to the “danger” of activities or movements and to learn that if they do experience pain with the activity or movement, they are able to cope with it. Therapists will be in contact with other members of the participants’ health care team (e.g., surgeons, physiotherapists) as needed during this week.