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Detection of Brain Tumors Using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
Published in Lingyan Shi, Robert R. Alfano, Deep Imaging in Tissue and Biomedical Materials, 2017
Lewis Spencer, Orringer Daniel
In summary, SRS microscopy is able of detecting brain tumor through both chemical and structural changes in fresh tissue without labels or fixatives. Research in mouse has demonstrated that imaging can be conducted both in vivo and ex vivo and correlates well with traditional microscopy, while simultaneously detecting tumor not visible by brightfield microscopy in an operative setting. Imaging of human tissues with SRS redemonstrates key histopathologic features of a wide array of CNS neoplasms qualitatively. Quantitative analysis of these images with image segmentation reveals that hypercellularity, axonal degradation and increased protein:lipid ratio tend to follow increasing tumor density. Statistical modeling allows the construction of a classifier function based on quantitative analysis of a wide range of CNS neoplasms which can predict the presence of tumor infiltration with high accuracy. Recent development of a fiber laser source has reduced the cost and environmental sensitivity of SRS and made it more attractive as an intraoperative modality. Present work is focused on the validation of image quantification and tumor detection in a large patient series, as well as optimizing the integration of SRS into the operative workflow. Future work will attempt to image Raman-active aberrant metabolites, effectively allowing the specific identification of tumor cells through virtual immunohistochemistry.
Wellness: Its Myths, Realities, and Potential for Occupational Therapy
Published in Florence S. Cromwell, Private Practice in Occupational Therapy, 2013
Wellness provides, in my experience, an opportunity for people to seek assistance with their problems of living, of adapting, and of coping without having a diagnostic label. It also provides an opportunity to seek help in an environment in which they see themselves as whole and complete people who also have problems. I thus define wellness as a context for living. As such, it consists of several elements. The first element is the capacity for expressiveness, or the ability to communicate through the barriers that tend to create loneliness and isolation. The second element is the development of a sense of connectedness with and commitment to others that reflects mutual care, concern, and respect. The third element is recognition of that which is sacred, which may include those things for which one has reverence as well as one's commitment to a job, to one's self, to others, and to one's community. The fourth element is that of creating roles that are important in all phases of one's life. The fifth element is care of one's body, through the adoption and practice of physical fitness, good nutrition, stress management, adequate rest, and environmental sensitivity. Finally, there is an element of mastery in handling breakdowns—an ability to flow with the ups and downs of life, keeping them in relative balance without being overwhelmed.
Studies on the Neurobiology of Depression
Published in Siegfried Kasper, Johan A. den Boer, J. M. Ad Sitsen, Handbook of Depression and Anxiety, 2003
Carlos A. Zarate, Dennis S. Charney
Aberg-Wistedt et al. [1] reported that in depressed patients urinary excretion of MHPG decreased significantly during desipramine treatment. Bipolar patients are reported to have significantly elevated plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations during manic episodes than during depression or euthymia [191]. Manic patients also exhibit significantly increased urinary concentrations of norepinephrine in comparison to depressed patients or control subjects [338]. In a later study, Swann and colleagues [339] noted that an individual’s “environmental sensitivity” had a significant effect on urinary norepinephrine excretion. Manic patients whose episodes were environmentally sensitive demonstrated elevated norepinephrine excretion, compared with patients with manic episodes that were unrelated to external stressors.
Environmental Sensitivity in Adults: Psychometric Properties of the Japanese Version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale 10-Item Version
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2023
Shuhei Iimura, Kosuke Yano, Yukiko Ishii
Environmental Sensitivity, defined as individual differences in the tendency to process and register external stimuli, is one of the general characteristics observed in humans and many other species (Pluess, 2015). Since the 1990s, several promising psychological concepts and theories have explained individual differences in sensitivity based on an evolutionary foundation. Typical examples are Aron’s Sensory Processing Sensitivity (Aron et al., 2012; Aron & Aron, 1997), Belsky’s Differential Susceptibility Theory (Belsky, 1997; Belsky & Pluess, 2009), and Boyce’s Biological Sensitivity to Context Theory (Boyce & Ellis, 2005). Although these were established from different theoretical backgrounds, these share the central idea that about 30% of the population are more susceptible to both supportive and adversarial experiences than the rest of the population (Lionetti et al., 2018; Pluess et al., 2018; 2020). More recently, Environmental Sensitivity Theory has been introduced, which integrates these different theories into an umbrella framework (Greven et al., 2019). As with the aforementioned existing theories, this new framework has at its core the notion that humans differ in their tendency to process and register both positive and negative environmental influences. This theory postulates that heightened sensitivity tends to be reflected by certain features of the central nervous system (Pluess, 2015). In addition, one of the central assumptions of this theory (Neurosensitivity Hypothesis) suggests that heightened susceptibility of the central nervous system develops through direct and interactive effects from sensitivity genes and the early environment (Pluess, 2015).