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Funding and the NHS
Published in Tony White, John Black, The Doctor's Handbook, Part 2, 2018
It is difficult to assess how long the NHS had been overspending as deficits were hidden in the past. Deficits came to light when policy changed and increased transparency, in particular the switch in accounting procedures associated with the introduction of the Resource Accounting and Budgeting (RAB) regime. As a result it was no longer possible to underspend on capital and use the money to subsidise current spending. In addition, RAB led to the double-deficit problem whereby a trust’s income in the current year has both to pay for that year’s provision and pay back the previous year’s deficits.
Patterns of comorbidity and psychopharmacology in adults with intellectual disability and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an UK national cross-sectional audit
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
Bhathika Perera, John Chen, Laura Korb, Aditya Borakati, Ken Courtenay, William Henley, Sam Tromans, Rohit Shankar
Comorbid ADHD in people with ID causes significant functional impairment. Patients suffer from a ‘double deficit,’ where both disorders affect cognitive functioning [4,5]. In many people, this manifests in severe behavioral difficulties that can impact on social adjustment and functioning [20]. Children with both ID and ADHD diagnoses have more conduct problems than those with ADHD alone [21]. Adults with ID and ADHD have a more severe presentation and less improvement across the lifespan than those without ID [22].
Neuropsychological performance in patients with substance use disorder with and without mood disorders
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Irma Höijer, Tuula Ilonen, Eliisa Löyttyniemi, Raimo K. R. Salokangas
Co-occurring SUD with mental disorders may result in a ‘double deficit’ [24] in cognitive functions and have an adverse impact on their course of illness and neuropsychological performance. Furthermore, co-morbid conditions may have potential differential, additive, or interactive effects on cognitive functions [22,23].