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Measurements of Depression and Anxiety Disorders
Published in Siegfried Kasper, Johan A. den Boer, J. M. Ad Sitsen, Handbook of Depression and Anxiety, 2003
Dean F. MacKinnon, Hoehn-Saric Rudolf
Several diagnostic instruments not covered in this chapter have been designed specifically for use in special patient populations. The Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) [19] is a comprehensive and lengthy instrument designed as a diagnostic assessment tool in genetic studies. For patients with anxiety disorders, the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS-R) [20] provides DSM diagnosis of anxiety disorders by DSM criteria, with additional coverage of mood, somatoform, and substance abuse disorders.
Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in bipolar disorder: A sibling study
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2023
Luana Spano, Bruno Etain, Jean-Louis Laplanche, Marion Leboyer, Sébastien Gard, Frank Bellivier, Cynthia Marie-Claire
The sample comprised individuals with BD (n = 60 probands) and their siblings (n = 74). For probands, the main inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of BD type I or type II according to DSM-IV criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – fourth edition) (Bell 1994), to be in remission (i.e., no major episode nor hospitalisation in the last six months) and a normothymic state at inclusion, i.e., scores below 8 for the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (Montgomery and Åsberg 1979) and the Mania Rating Scale (Bech et al. 1978). Probands were interviewed with the French version of the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) to confirm the diagnosis of BD (Nurnberger et al. 1994). All probands were currently on a stable prophylaxis medication (i.e., no change in the last six months).
Neurofilament light chain as novel blood biomarker of disturbed neuroaxonal integrity in patients with ketamine dependence
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2021
Yu-Li Liu, Francesco Bavato, An-Nie Chung, Tung-Hsia Liu, Yi-Lung Chen, Ming-Chyi Huang, Boris B. Quednow
After initial assessments, eligible participants were given a comprehensive description of the study and were then included after providing written informed consent for participation. A trained research assistant interviewed the participants by Chinese version of Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS-C) (Chen et al. 1998) and collected basic demographic data and a lifetime diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Average and maximum daily doses of ketamine and the number of ketamine use days during the last 30 days were recorded. Craving severity was measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), where participants self-rated their level of craving for ketamine following a careful explanation by the research assistant. Each patient indicated a position along a continuous line between 0 and 100, with 0 denoting no craving and 100 denoting a craving so severe that the individual was unable to resist ketamine if it would be available. In addition, history of childhood trauma was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form (CTQ-SF) (Bernstein et al. 2003). The CTQ-SF encompasses five types of childhood trauma, including emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect, each of them being measured in five items and rated on a five-point Likert scale. Scores exceeding the cut-off point for moderate severity on each subscale (emotional abuse: ≥13; physical abuse: ≥10; sexual abuse: ≥8; emotional neglect: ≥15; physical neglect: ≥10) were indicated as positive for that type of childhood trauma. Total scores of CTQ-SF and number of types of childhood trauma were recorded. The Chinese-version of CTQ-SF has also been validated and shown favourable factor structure and test-retest reliability (Cheng et al. 2018).
A positive association between a polymorphism in the HTR2B gene and cocaine-crack in a French Afro-Caribbean population
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2020
Jerome Lacoste, Sandrine Lamy, Nicolas Ramoz, Nicolas Ballon, Louis Jehel, Luc Maroteaux, Florence Thibaut
Sixty healthy controls (French Afro-Caribbean male subjects) and eighty patients (French Afro-Caribbean male patients with crack use disorders (DSM-5 criteria)) were included in this study. Healthy controls were consecutively recruited at the blood transfusion centre of Martinique, without lifetime personal and family history of psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. All clinical evaluations were performed by a psychiatrist. All subjects (patients and controls) had at least three Afro-Caribbean grandparents. Healthy controls and patients with crack use disorders were matched for age. All subjects agreed to participate in the study and signed an informed consent. Medical and drug use histories, and socio-demographic characteristics were reported by using self-report and medical files. Personal and family psychiatric history of patients and controls were evaluated by a psychiatrist or a psychologist, blind to the genotyping results and trained to the Diagnostic Interview of Genetic Studies (DIGS) (Nurnberger et al. 1994). The French translation of the Barratt Impulsivity Scale BIS-11 (Patton et al. 1995; Baylé et al. 2000) was used to evaluate impulsivity. A score above 71 is considered as a high level of impulsivity (Stanford et al. 2009). Comorbid ADHD was diagnosed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale-25 item for the Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder with a cut off value at 46 (Ward et al. 1993; French translation Baylé et al. 2003). Sensation seeking (using the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale form V-40 item Zuckerman et al. 1978; French translation Carton et al. 1990) and comorbid psychiatric disorders (using the MINI Lecrubier et al. 1997) were also assessed (Table 1). The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (LEC Sud-Ouest et Outre Mer III; CPP: 2009/96; NCT01025219 (ClinicalTrials.gov)).