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Managing care at the end of life
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
People generally want to be told the truth, and the Code (NMC 2018) states that nurses and nursing associates must be open and honest. Arguments relating to deception in healthcare stress the importance of respecting the person’s autonomy. This respect involves acknowledging aspects such as individual preference and establishing an environment of trust that enables the individual to feel accepted, respected and involved in their care (Birkhäuer et al. 2017).
Masking of Homicide
Published in Burkhard Madea, Asphyxiation, Suffocation,and Neck Pressure Deaths, 2020
Stefan Pollak, Annette Thierauf-Emberger
In medicolegal practice, the examiner is often confronted with attempts to deceive. The motives for covering up the true facts are manifold [15]. In clinical forensic medicine, the spectrum of deception ranges from insurance fraud to falsely pretended assaults. In hanging deaths, suicides are frequently disguised by family members who remove the ligature and may even apply a chin strap to conceal the hanging mark. In cases of sexual asphyxia, evidence pointing to autoerotic activity may be ‘cleared’ so that the examiner at the scene will not think of an unnatural death. Self-suffocation caused by a plastic bag pulled over the head can easily be dissimulated by disposing of the suicide device. On the other hand, a homicide by smothering may be covered up as a plastic bag suicide [46]. From the criminalistic point of view, the dissimulation of a homicide by feigning a hanging suicide is especially challenging.
What cancer patients need
Published in Mark R Baker, Modernising Cancer Services, 2018
Honesty is an ethical imperative which is fundamental to any social contract ... can we justify doctors being the one group in society exempt from this fundamental role in human relationships? Any deception infringes the autonomy of the patient - the patient’s right to know.5
Assessing Deception Differences with Mimicry Deception Theory
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2022
Melissa S. de Roos, Daniel N. Jones
Nevertheless, narcissism was somewhat inconsistent in its relationship with long-term deception, showing smaller a smaller relationship in Study 1 than other studies. One explanation is that the cultural makeup of Sample 1 (predominately Latinx from Mexico) was different from that of the subsequent samples (predominately White/European Heritage). Thus, the nature of deception may be culturally dependent. For example, Mexico is more collectivistic than is the USA (Shkodriani & Gibbons, 1995). This collectivism means that the fundamental nature of interpersonal relationships is different (i.e., interdependent relationships are stronger), and being a member of the community is more central to individuals’ identities. Thus, for example, it is possible that within a collectivistic culture to deceive someone in the long-term requires less effort to engage in community integration. Further research is needed to determine the impact of culture on long- vs. short-term lies.
Deception and the Clinical Ethicist
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2021
The best policy without doubt, but not an absolute one. While persons, lay and professional alike, undoubtedly rely on deception too frequently and too blithely—because it is quicker and easier or because the deceiver has something to gain from the lie (Guthrie and Kunkel 2014)—it is sometimes nonetheless the better ethical choice from within a set of bad options. As any number of scholars have concluded (Lantos and Meadow 2011; Wells and Kaptchuk 2012; Howe 2004), honesty is but one of many important ethical principles and in some contexts, it must give way to more pressing ones. Deception is also more common to clinical conversations than is generally acknowledged and is done for the same opportunistic, self-interested and benevolent reasons. This prevalence and ethical balancing should not be startling; professional life entails ongoing negotiations among ethical values and best practices.
Chinese Clinical Ethicists Accept Physicians’ Benevolent Deception of Patients
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2021
Hui Zhang, Li Tian, Hongmei Zhang, Zhenxiang Zhang, Yuming Wang
There are two major differences between the practice of deception among medical practitioners in China and among those in Western countries. First, unlike Western physicians who may deceive both patients and their families according to their own professional judgment, Chinese physicians mostly only deceive their patients at the request of their families. Second, because of cultural and legislative factors, such deception is less contentious in China than in Western countries because Chinese medical ethics allows hiding the truth as well as lying when necessary to achieve what is in the best interest of the patient. However, as the trend of truth-telling to patients is increasing globally, universal lack of emotional support for patients and truth-telling skills training for medical personnel are areas of concern in China.