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Ayurveda and COVID-19
Published in Srijan Goswami, Chiranjeeb Dey, COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, 2022
The scriptures define how a physician should prepare himself to collect the herb, the best time to collect it, and how to preserve it. Each herb has to be processed in a particular way to enhance its effects on the doshas when used as medicine; the processing is known as Sanskar. A lot of importance has been given to the attitude, frame of mind, and intention of the physician while preparing the medicine. Ayurveda physicians even today pay a lot of attention to these details while preparing the medicines that they use.
Predicting Treatment Adherence: an Overview of Theoretical Models
Published in Lynn B. Myers, Kenny Midence, Adherence to Treatment in Medical Conditions, 2020
In the TPB, attitudes and subjective norms exert their influence on behaviour indirectly via their effect on intention. PBC has both an effect on intention and a direct effect on behaviour. For example, given equally strong intentions, the person who is confident of their ability and perceives few obstacles is more likely to actually perform the behaviour.
A multidisciplinary problem
Published in Olaf Dammann, Etiological Explanations, 2020
Modern epidemiology is “the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human populations” (Rothman et al. 2008b:32). It is one of the foundations of the health sciences in that it provides the methods to gather knowledge about constellations of candidate causes of illness, based on detailed observations in populations.4 Since the 1940s and 1950s, “modern” epidemiology has developed from mainly infectious disease-oriented research into health risk research, broadly construed. Today, epidemiological research encompasses both population-based and clinical research, designed to elucidate occurrence patterns of health phenomena in so-called observational studies, as well as information about intervention effectiveness in so-called clinical trials. The intention is to help us understand the etiology of disease, improve treatment strategies, and predict the outcome of disease. Epidemiology includes multiple subspecialties defined by exposure (environmental, occupational, nutritional epidemiology, among others), by outcome (e.g., cancer epidemiology and neuroepidemiology), by population (e.g., pediatric and perinatal epidemiology), or by scientific perspective (e.g., molecular, genetic, and genomic epidemiology).
Potential overtreatment in end-of-life care in adults 65 years or older dying from cancer: applying quality indicators on nationwide registries
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
Máté Szilcz, Jonas W. Wastesson, Lucas Morin, Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga, Mats Lambe, Kristina Johnell
From a research perspective, our results emphasise the need to develop and validate quality indicators for older adults that are applicable to administrative data. In addition, data on the intention of care and patients’ preferences should be collected. However, researchers should strive for a balance between patient-centred quality indicators and feasibility to measure indicators in available data. From a public health perspective, our findings suggest that stakeholders should introduce interventions that optimise the use of curative treatments and hospital transitions at the end of life. Ensuring that patients spend their last stage of life according to their stated preferences and avoiding the risks of worsened quality of life is among the highest priorities of palliative care [1]. From a health economic perspective, our results indicate a potential for better use of available health care resources.
Psychometric properties of the Serbian adaptation of the cannabis use intention questionnaire (CUIQ) among secondary medical school adolescents
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2022
Dalibor Bokan, Bojana Dinić, Dušan Čanković, Sonja Čanković, Olja Nićiforović-Šurković, Branislava Đurica
One of the instruments based on the TBC that measures cannabis use intention is The Cannabis Use Intention Questionnaire – CUIQ (Lloret et al., 2018). This questionnaire operationalized four scales: Attitudes toward consumption (Attitude), Subjective norms (SN), Self-efficacy to abstinence (SEA) and Cannabis use intention (Intention). Attitude is measured on the basis of eight items about beliefs regarding the consequences of consuming and their assessment. The first block of four items measures to what extent marijuana is considered to influence a set of beliefs, while the second block of four items measures how important the aspects listed in the first block are to each person. SN reflects the effect of the subject’s immediate environment on his/her behavior, namely to what extent the subject’s main reference groups (peers, relatives) would agree or disagree to cannabis usage. The first block of this scale has three items and includes normative beliefs regarding significant others or referents, while the second represents the motivation to go along with the significant others or referents and also has three items. SEA comprises of five items that refer to beliefs about the extent to which an individual feels capable of not using cannabis in different situations. Thus, high scores indicate high self-efficacy to abstinence. Intention refers to individuals’ choices and has an influence on directing and maintaining their behavior. This scale comprises of three items, each assessed the perceived likelihood of an individual to consume marijuana, thus higher intention to use is labeled with high scores.
The effect of healthcare policy signals on patients’ perceived value, trust and intention to use services offered by a healthcare provider
Published in Hospital Practice, 2022
Findings from this study lead to a signaling strategy through which a service provider can inform its patients and achieve patient loyalty. According to this strategy, the provider sends health service signals in order to increase patients’ perceived value and to enhance patients’ intentions to use the services. However, capitation information should only be given to loyal patients who have built a trust relationship with the provider in order to mitigate the negative interaction effect. The NHIA’s assignment of patients to healthcare service providers should take patients’ loyalty into account. Patients who are loyal to a healthcare service provider could appreciate the affiliation relationship, and may perceive the positive value of services offered by the affiliated care provider, such as patient-centered care services. The NHIA can even inform patients of their capitation assignment while assigning patients to corresponding care organizations by assessing their degree of loyalty.