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Christian perspectives on informed consent
Published in Joseph Tham, Alberto García Gómez, Mirko Daniel Garasic, Cross-Cultural and Religious Critiques of Informed Consent, 2021
Community consultations might help the process of interpretation to acquire a better knowledge of local culture and involve community representatives in elaborating research projects. In this context, the role of the cultural mediator is essential. The aim is neither to impose foreign ethical standards (in a sort of ethnocentric imperialism or paternalism) nor to adapt to local standards (in a pragmatic relativistic attitude). It is meant to apply generally recognized Christian principles and values and seriously consider the specific culture’s conditions and needs with an intercultural and interreligious approach.
Migrant mental health care
Published in Christopher Dowrick, Global Primary Mental Health Care, 2019
Cultural mediators can support migrants to effectively navigate through a health care system, if one assures that the mediator’s gender and age fits with the patient’s expectations. In many countries cultural mediators are available. These are migrants who know how the local health care systems work, speak the local language and support other migrants in their interactions with a health care system and professionals. Continuous presence of the same cultural mediator throughout a treatment process can help build trust and prevent patients from having to share their private stories with different mediators.7
Challenges in the provision of mental health care for refugees in Germany
Published in Katja Kuehlmeyer, Corinna Klingler, Richard Huxtable, Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects of Health Care for, 2018
Kerstin Hein, Barbara Abdallah-Steinkopff
The function of interpreters within the setting of therapeutic work does not only include a literal translation from one language to another during the session but also involves the role of a cultural mediator. Interpreters usually possess important cultural background knowledge that may assist the accurate interpretation of verbal and nonverbal contents and thus support the therapeutic process. The challenge for counsellors and psychotherapists within this constellation is to stay in charge despite the language barriers and to structure the sessions in a culturally sensitive way without handing over this task to the interpreter. To allow effective cooperation, counsellors and interpreters should prepare the therapeutic process in advance and hold short debriefing meetings after each session to exchange information and impressions. The tasks and scope of action for each professional and the definition of clear conversational rules should be discussed and defined in advance in accordance with existing guidelines (Abdallah-Steinkopff 2017).
The application of qualitative approaches in a post-colonial context in speech-language pathology: A call for transformation
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2022
Jennifer Watermeyer, Joanne Neille
The majority Black South African population includes a diverse mix of cultures and languages, amplified by the influx of many migrants from neighbouring Sub-Saharan African countries. White South Africans are a minority population in this context, speaking English or Afrikaans. English is the official language of business, commerce and governance. Despite legislation to promote local language use, the adoption of English has unfortunately resulted in the compromised development of African languages and thus English and Afrikaans remain dominant languages (Ntombela, 2016). Health consultations are frequently influenced by unequal power dynamics because of educational, linguistic, cultural, gender, and generational differences. Interpreting and cultural mediation usually take place on an ad hoc basis due to language differences between service providers and patients, and a lack of formal posts for interpreters and professional interpreters (Penn & Watermeyer, 2018).
Co-constructing a decolonising praxis in academia through dialogues and pedagogical experiences between the UK and Ecuador
Published in International Review of Psychiatry, 2020
María Castro Romero, Manuel Capella Palacios
Intercultural contact is a challenge for educators and educands, as it involves language barriers and nuances in translation; for example, with written documents exchanged, students tried their best to translate with online tools and both of us made the necessary corrections at our ends, as well as conducting some sort of cultural mediation between both groups. Illustrative of this was the way privacy was understood. For Ecuadorian students, video recordings of scenes did not imply any problem, while some UK students felt uncomfortable with this. Ideally, having certain similarities in quantity and level of training in both groups may facilitate the activity. Despite the two groups being from different formal training levels (novice in Ecuador, postgraduate in UK), our experience was productive because neither of the groups had a profound knowledge regarding liberation psychology. Similarly, giving the same instructions is essential, whilst keeping spontaneous responses emerging in situ from students´ proposals and performances. For example, Ecuadorian students interpreted oppression in more contextual than individual terms; this could be due to cultural differences (e.g. collectivism instead of individualism), or because the students in Ecuador were learning about structural violence at the time of the exchange.
Distortion product otoacoustic emission sensitivity to different solvents in a population of industrial painters
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2020
Renata Sisto, Luigi Cerini, Filippo Sanjust, Damiano Carbonari, Monica Gherardi, Andrea Gordiani, Nunziata L’Episcopo, Enrico Paci, Daniela Pigini, Giovanna Tranfo, Arturo Moleti
For this study 17 painters were enrolled, exposed to organic solvents (toluene, xylene, etc.,) and to other substances like diluents and additives (heptan-2-one, 2-butossiethyl acetate, 1-methyl-2metossiethylacetate, butanone, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate). Based on previous studies using the same instruments (Sisto et al. 2013), in which a quantitative relation between dose and effect had been approximately established, such a sample size was considered sufficient to measure average audiometric and DPOAE levels with a statistical uncertainty (standard error) much smaller (2 and 5 dB, respectively) than the expected variability range of the outcome variables, and of the same order of the intrinsic test-retest fluctuations. The subjects, professional painters in a naval industry in Central Italy, were monitored during their 8 hours-long work shift. All individuals were eligible and agreed to the study after giving their informed consent. The participants were requested to complete a questionnaire containing all the information about the working activity and their life style and health conditions. The questionnaire was completed under the supervision of a cultural mediator who was able to translate from the workers’ native language to Italian and vice versa. In the questionnaire the workers were asked if they used personal protective equipment, both against paint and noise. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants (Declaration of Helsinki) were in accordance with the ethical standards of our Institutional committee and in accordance with the local ethics committee (Health local agency, ASL, of Regione Marche).