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Treatment of Psychological Disorders
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Understanding Psychology for Medicine and Nursing, 2019
Client-centered therapy is based on the assumption that each individual is the best expert of himself or herself, and that people are capable of developing solutions to their own problems. Central to this thinking is the idea that the world is judgmental, therefore, many people tend to suppress their beliefs, values, or opinions because these are not supported, are socially unacceptable, or negatively judged. Client-centered therapy provides a supportive environment in which clients can re-establish their true identity. Rogers preferred the term facilitator to therapist, and he called the people he worked with “clients” rather than “patients,” because he did not view emotional difficulties as indications of an illness to be cured. To re-establish a client’s true identity, the therapist relies on the techniques of unconditional positive regard and empathy. Empathy refers to the ability to understand the feelings that a client is trying to express and the ability to communicate this understanding to the client. These two techniques are central to client-centered therapy because they build trust between the client and therapist by creating a nonjudgmental and supportive environment for the client.
Laying low: Unmasking the contributions of science and education to racism
Published in Journal of Occupational Science, 2021
Antoine Bailliard, Abigail Carroll, Kierra Peak
I felt powerless in those positions yet impassioned to make a change, which was the impetus for me to become an occupational therapist. As an occupational therapist, I have felt that the influence of racism in practice is pervasive at times, especially when underlying systemic structures and policies are the root cause of health disparities. To address these issues at a micro-level, I engage in therapeutic use of self to achieve empathic understandings of my clients. The experience of nurturing this rapport can sometimes blur the boundaries of the Other by fostering a sense of interconnectivity. I have found that providing client-centered therapy to people whose valued occupations do not align with socially sanctioned determinants of health often requires shared problem solving, critical reflection, and collaborative clinical reasoning to navigate ethical uncertainties and avoid imposing ways of being. Although I have tried to be a justice-oriented therapist at the micro-level, when it came to speaking up about systemic racism, I decided to lay low, feeling unequipped to challenge institutional power dynamics.
Rasch analysis of the Self-Efficacy for Therapeutic Use of Self questionnaire in Norwegian occupational therapy students
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2021
Chia-Wei Fan, Farzaneh Yazdani, Tove Carstensen, Tore Bonsaksen
Power dilemmas was categorised as the most difficult item in the N-SEMIE. The current trend in occupational therapy emphasises client-centered therapy [36], which encourages therapists to involve clients in setting up goals as well as desired treatments, so that they have more control in the rehabilitation process. However, occupational therapists undeniably have professional knowledge and resources that may influence clients’ overall functioning; therefore, clients might choose to give up their rights and become dependent on their therapists’ decisions and suggestions. On the other hand, clients might suffer from different levels of discrimination due to their impairments or disabilities. Therefore, they might be much more sensitive than the general population about the power differential with therapists [4]. Hence, it is expected that power dilemma is the most difficult item to handle as an interpersonal event for the participants.
Emotion focused therapy with injured athletes: Conceptualizing injury challenges and working with emotions
Published in Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2022
Katherine A. Tamminen, Jeanne C. Watson
The purpose of this position paper is to provide an overview of Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT) and outline its potential utility for clinicians and therapists working with injured athletes. There is a large body of evidence supporting the efficacy of EFT for individuals experiencing a range of mental health concerns, including depression (Watson et al., 2003), generalized anxiety disorder (Watson & Greenberg, 2017), social anxiety disorder (Shahar et al., 2017), and eating disorders (Glisenti et al., 2021). Working with emotions in experiential therapy predicts sudden, abrupt improvements in depressive symptoms (Singh et al., 2021), and adding emotion-focused therapy interventions to client-centered therapy can promote better outcomes for clients’ depressive symptoms, general symptoms of distress, interpersonal distress, and self-esteem (Goldman et al., 2006; Greenberg & Watson, 1998). Process-experiential therapy such as EFT has been demonstrated to be as effective as CBT for individuals experiencing depression and general symptoms of distress, and interpersonal problems have shown greater improvements with process-experiential therapy compared to CBT (Watson et al., 2003). Yet, despite the evidence for the use of EFT and process-experiential approaches for a wide range of issues and concerns, these approaches do not appear to be widely used in sport psychology contexts. Research on their use in sport also appears limited; there are no published research or case studies that we are aware of exploring the potential value of EFT and other experiential approaches for working with athletes, and in particular for working with injured athletes.