China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and NCCP
Published in Elizabeth Marks, Myra Hunter, John Chambers, CBT for Managing Non-cardiac Chest Pain, 2017
Elizabeth Marks, Myra Hunter, John Chambers
Cognitive theory claims that emotions, body sensations and behavioural reactions stem from an automatic interpretation of a situation. If that automatic interpretation is negative, then the logical outcome is a state of distress. To minimize the distress associated with a situation, the interpretation has to be targeted. This is possible if automatic negative thoughts can be recognized and changed. By identifying automatic thoughts and taking time to re-evaluate them objectively, distress can be reduced. Re-evaluating thoughts requires the person to consider reasons why an automatic interpretation might be mistaken or exaggerated. It can then be replaced with a more realistic, rational and helpful alternative. In the case of NCCP, where the activating event is the occurrence of chest pain, most people report automatic interpretations about there being a problem with the heart, which logically results in fear and distress. An alternative interpretation, based on a biopsychosocial understanding of chest pain (e.g. that this is chest wall muscle pain) is far less negative and threatening. This new, biopsychosocial way of thinking about chest pain should then lead to a decline in fear and distress.
Cognitive-behavior therapy for chronic pain in adults
Published in Peter R Wilson, Paul J Watson, Jennifer A Haythornthwaite, Troels S Jensen, Clinical Pain Management, 2008
Stephen Morley, Christopher Eccleston
At its simplest, attention management consists of provision of advice on one or more methods, such as the use of distraction or imagery control techniques. More advanced forms require patients to practice a range of attention-centering techniques that provoke a dissociation of self from both pain and pain-related automatic negative thoughts, providing an internal observation or metacognitive perspective on harmful self-talk.37 A free comprehensive manual is available at www.leeds.ac.uk/hsphr/psychiatry/staff/morley.htm.
The Synergistic Influence of Life Experiences and Cultural Nuances on Development of Depression: A Cognitive Behavioral Perspective
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
Toxic stress refers to the development and consequence of unaddressed negative cognitions due to the occurrence of stress, trauma, and violence in the lives of children and adults (Shern et al., 2014). While some levels of stress are normal and easily managed, a problem ensues when stress becomes chronic, intolerable, and toxic (Franke, 2014). Failure to address and manage stress, resulted in increased problems regarding normal mental and physical functioning (Felix et al., 2018). When stress occurs, cortisol levels initially rise but then stop working when stress becomes chronic (Boyd, 2018). This leads to a failure for the body to recover and return to health and homeostasis (Franke et al., 1987; Opel et al., 2019). This entire process alters and interferes with brain growth, immune functioning, and development in children (Boyd, 2018; Franke, 2014). It also affects how adults then respond and recover, as their ability to appropriately assess and respond to stress and daily life situations alters (Carbray, Cacchione, Limandri, & Warren, 2016). Their mental and physical health becomes negatively affected, productivity decreases, and they feel helpless and cannot think in a health manner and develop automatic negative thoughts about themselves, others, and the future (Beck, 1967; Boyd, 2018; Shern et al., 2014).
Childhood Maltreatment, Bullying Victimization, and Psychological Distress Among Gay and Bisexual Men
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2018
Trevor A. Hart, Syed W. Noor, Julia R. G. Vernon, Ammaar Kidwai, Karen Roberts, Ted Myers, Liviana Calzavara
Common across mood and anxiety disorders is the prevalence of dysfunctional cognitions (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). From a developmental framework, children construct positive self-concepts (i.e., positive, self-oriented perceptions) through social transactions with the world (e.g., parents, peers; Bilsky et al., 2013; Cole et al., 2016). Within this process, additive negative feedback from interpersonal stressors (e.g., through victimization or bullying from peers, criticisms from parents) results in dysfunctional attitudes (i.e., negative views of oneself and the world) that are evident through cognitive dysfunctions (e.g., automatic negative thoughts; Cole et al., 2016; Hope, Burns, Hayes, Herbert, & Warner, 2010). The cognitive vulnerability hypothesis posits that individuals exhibiting a dysfunctional cognition pattern develop an increased vulnerability to adverse psychological outcomes, including depression and anxiety (Hjemdal et al., 2013; Nusslock et al., 2011), particularly in response to negative life events. For example, Hjemdal and colleagues (2013) found that negative automatic thoughts were predictive of depressive symptomatology whereas meta-cognition (e.g., thinking about thinking) was predictive of both depressive and anxious symptomatology. These findings highlight both the significant role that dysfunctional cognitions play in the development of psychopathology, as well as the extent to which beliefs about one’s dysfunctional cognitions impact psychological risk.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effectiveness of Cognitive-Reminiscence Therapy among Jordanian People with Major Depressive Disorders: A Mixed Methods Study
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2023
Mutasem Al-Omari, Abdallah Abu Khait
The paired t-test results showed a statistically significant mean difference in the depression total score between the pretest and post-test measurements in favor of the post-test score, which has a lower mean score than the pretest score (t (30) = 28.105, p≤ .001) (see Table 4). There was also a statistically significant mean difference between the pretest and post-test measurements in the total score for automatic negative thoughts (t (30) = 15.133, p≤ .001). Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference in the self-transcendence total score between the pretest and post-test (t (30 = 13.229, p≤ .001)