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From Childhood to Adult Life
Published in David E. Orlinsky, How Psychotherapists Live, 2022
No differences on either the Anxious or Avoidant dimension of adult attachment were found based on family structure, economic background, childhood religiosity; or, on the Anxious dimension, among therapists of different religious backgrounds. However, therapists from Jewish families tended to be least Avoidant, and were significantly less so than therapists from non-religious families.9
Major Schools of Psychology
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Understanding Psychology for Medicine and Nursing, 2019
It is difficult to claim that infant attachment styles are identical to adult romantic attachment styles, as a long time elapses between infancy and adulthood, so intervening experiences play a large role in adult attachment styles. Consequently, those described as ambivalent or avoidant in infancy can become securely attached as adults, while those with a secure attachment in childhood can show insecure attachment styles in adulthood. However, research has shown that early attachment styles can help predict patterns of behavior in adulthood.
The Anxious Couple
Published in Len Sperry, Katherine Helm, Jon Carlson, The Disordered Couple, 2019
Katie L. Springfield, Rosa M. Macklin-Hinkle
In terms of adult attachment, secure attachment offers the opportunity for being comfortable and feeling worthy of being loved and close with others. Preoccupied attachment, or anxious ambivalent, is evident when an individual exhibits generally poor views of themselves but tends to idealize or only view the positive in those around them. These individuals tend to hold the belief they are unworthy of care and consideration from others, but acceptance and commitment are desired and pursued most vigorously (Marganska et al., 2013). Fearful avoidant attachment, however, is evident when an individual views both themselves and others as negative and sources of rejection and pain. These attachment patterns become clear depending on a person’s response to closeness; those with more anxious attachment tendencies dread abandonment, whereas those who demonstrate avoidant attachment are threatened by intimacy (Brumariu et al., 2013; Cusimano & Riggs, 2013; Marganska et al., 2013; Schimmenti & Bifulco, 2013).
Understanding attachment in homeless adolescents and emerging adults with pets
Published in Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 2023
Mary Hartsell, Tara Rava Zolnikov
Although homeless adolescents and emerging adults appeared able to have a secure attachment with their pet, this attachment did not translate into improved relationships with humans. A few participants reported that relationships with other people did improve, which cannot be confirmed, but participants attributed these changes to pet ownership. Most reported that the relationship with other people was unchanged, while a few reported that they had a more negative view towards other people (e.g. after witnessing poor treatment of animals). Participants mentioned how they did not like people, in general; others talked about not wanting to get physically and emotionally hurt, which again resulted in keeping to themselves and solitude. These findings are consistent with the results of a study indicating that homeless adolescent and emerging adult’s insecure attachment style makes it difficult for them to form relationship (Tucker et al., 2018). That said, despite finding elements of secure attachments to their pets, the majority of participants in this study appeared unable to change their attachment style; this is different than findings in other research that suggests adult attachment styles can change (Fraley & Roisman, 2019). The information presented in this research suggested that most participants did not have a change in attachment style despite upholding a close relationship to their pet; the difficult childhood experiences, including negative situations (e.g. abuse) with their parents, might be an explanation for the difficulty in building positive, supportive relationships in the future.
Sexual Experiences and Attachment Styles in Online and Offline Dating Contexts
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2022
John K. Coffey, D. Kyle Bond, Jessica A. Stern, Natalie Van Why
When examining differences in online dating use, our finding that adult attachment anxiety was associated with a higher likelihood of using online dating and using these platforms more frequently aligns with previous research reporting that attachment-anxious individuals are more active users of online dating platforms (Chin et al., 2019; Jonason & Bulyk, 2019; Rochat et al., 2019). According to attachment theory, adult attachment anxiety represents a hyperactivating strategy for regulating social relationships that includes heightened signals of emotional need and desire for closeness (Mikulincer & Shaver, 2008, 2016). Thus, use of online dating may provide one medium for signaling one’s desire for connection. However, such signaling may become dysregulated; evidence shows that anxious attachment is associated with a cluster of dating app characteristics that the authors’ term “unregulated and highly motivated” (Rochat et al., 2019), suggesting that anxious attachment may increase the likelihood that they use the app in ways beyond what they originally intended.
Association of adult attachment with delays in accessing specialist care in women with ovarian cancer
Published in Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 2022
Soumitra Shankar Datta, Lindsay Fraser, Matthew Burnell, Shazia Nasreen, Manisha Ghosh, Aparupa Ojha, Tania Saha, Asima Mukhopadhyay, Anne Lanceley, Usha Menon
Recent research has shown that adult attachment can influence help-seeking behavior.10 Adult attachment is the cluster of attitudes and behavioral and emotional expressions in close relationships that are particularly prominent when an individual is under threat.11 In the model proposed by Bartholomew and Horowitz,12 each individual has a personal attachment pattern that can be mapped by the two dimensions of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance.10,12,13 Attachment anxiety is the degree of discomfort one feels due to separation from attachment figures.11 Attachment avoidance is the extent to which one is distressed by crowding or closeness to the attachment figure.11 It has been studied across multiple countries including India and found to have similar dimensions. Individuals may have predictable responses to serious stressors like a cancer diagnosis or a traumatic life event.