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A Case Of Vero Cytotoxinproducing Escherichia Coli (VTEC)
Published in Meera Chand, John Holton, Case Studies in Infection Control, 2018
VTEC produces two different Vero cytotoxins, VT1 and VT2, both encoded by bacteriophage. VT1 is very similar to the Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. VT2 is genetically and immunologically distinct, and the presence of VT2 is significantly associated with symptoms of bloody diarrhoea and HUS. There are at least seven different subtypes of VT2 and the VT2a subtype is most commonly associated with HUS.
Correlating intraepithelial papillary capillary loops of vocal cord leukoplakia with histopathology
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Yi Fang, Yue Yang, Min Chen, Jian Chen, Peijie He, Lei Cheng, Haitao Wu
This was a retrospective research. From January 2016 to December 2019, 90 patients with diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplasia in outpatient based on the clinical complaints and laryngoscopic reports were enrolled in this research. The laryngoscopy examination was completed with flexible endoscopy of ENF TYPE VT2 and TYPE VH (Olympus Medical Systems Corp, Tokyo, Japan) in WLE with a central video system CV-180 or CV-190 and a light source (Olympus Medical Systems Corp, Tokyo, Japan) and then switched to NBI mode. The cases with suspicion of inflammation, pseudomembrane, fungal mass and laryngeal tuberculosis in pathology would be excluded.
Narrow-band imaging combined with salivary pepsin to diagnose patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
The NBI system (Olympus VT2) and endoscope were used in the study. This particular system can easily switch between the traditional light source and NBI mode. The patient took a sitting position and anesthesia of 2% tetracaine was administered before the laryngoscope was inserted through the mouth. The vocal cords, false vocal cords, anterior and posterior commissure, arytenoid area, post-cricoid region, and pyriform sinus were examined, and all procedures were digitally recorded.