China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Neurodegeneration
Published in Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman, MCQs in Neurology and Neurosurgery for Medical Students, 2022
Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman
With regard to Parkinson’s disease, which of the following statements are true and which are false? Characteristic signs are a resting tremor, dysarthria and shuffling gait.Mutations in the SNCA and UCHL1 result in autosomal dominant inheritance of Parkinson’s disease.Parkinson’s disease is an alpha-synucleinopathy.Levodopa therapy improves dyskinesia in these patients.Supranuclear palsy is a non-degenerative cause of parkinsonism.
Sensing and Assessment of Brain Injury
Published in Mark A. Mentzer, Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, 2020
According to their company website (Banyon, 2018), Banyan Biomarkers has identified two protein biomarkers, Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), that are detectable in the blood shortly after TBI. UCH-L1 is primarily found in neurons and is involved in cellular protein regulation. GFAP is a member of the intermediate filament family of cytoskeletal proteins which form polymeric networks that provide structural support to glia, which support and nourish cells in the brain. Banyan Biomarkers believes that accurate diagnosis of TBI in acute care environments could significantly simplify decisions about patient management and improve medical care.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Dermal Monocyte/Macrophage System
Published in Brian J. Nickoloff, Dermal Immune System, 2019
Wolfram Sterry, Wolf-Henning Boehncke
Within the normal epidermis, no Ki-M1P+ cells can be demonstrated. Strong expression of the Ki-M1P antigen is found on all three subtypes of dermal macrophages described; other cells are Ki-M1P− (Figure 6). Dermal macrophages do not express S-100, which is restricted to epidermal Langerhans cells and nerve cells. Inflammatory dermatoses exhibit Ki-M1P reactivity on all macrophage subtypes. Furthermore, single Ki-M1P+ cells are located epidermally. They are more prominent in cases with altered membrane zone. Macrophage reaction forms like giant cells or epitheloid cells exhibit a Ki-M1P+ phenotype and also stain positive for KP-1. MAC 387 fails to recognize these cells, UCHL-1 expression is limited to epitheloid cells. Anti-S-100 reacts with neither cell type.
Concentration of UHCL1 in the Serum of Children with Acute Appendicitis, Before and After Surgery, and Its Correlation with CRP and Prealbumin
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Ewa Matuszczak, Marzena Tylicka, Wojciech Dębek, Anna Tokarzewicz, Ewa Gorodkiewicz, Adam Hermanowicz
UCHL1 acts as a free ubiquitin stabilizer, providing ready-to-use ubiquitin for various cellular events [1–4]. The net ubiquitination status of any protein is regulated both through the processes of attachment and detachment with alterations of either event leading to changes in the half-life or biochemical function of targeted proteins, and UCHL1 is able to function as both a ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitinase [1–4]. The function of UCHL1 probably varies in a cell and environmental specific manner. UCHL1 exerts its effects by influencing levels of free proteins such as cellular ubiquitin, glutathione and by regulation of the cell cycle [1–4]. Previous studies report on UCHL1 as a possible plasma biomarker for ischemic and traumatic brain injury in rodents and traumatic brain injury in humans [20]. UCHL1 is also highly expressed in carcinomas of various tissue origins, including those from brain, lung, breast, kidney, colon, prostate, pancreas, and mesenchymal tissues [1–4]. Loss-of-function studies and an inhibitor for UCHL1 confirmed the importance of UCHL1 for cancer therapy. Moreover, expression levels of UCHL1 in breast and lung cancers were found to be associated with those of HIF-1a and poor prognosis in cancer patients [4]. Previous studies shown that UCHL1 is involved in tumor metastases [6, 21–22].