China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Gut Microbiota—Specific Food Design
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra, Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
Aparna V. Sudhakaran, Himanshi Solanki
Probiotics are “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host” [27]. Recent gut microbiota studies have opened new avenues for personalized healthcare strategies associating the potential use of selected probiotics strains for restoring the gut balance. The basic mechanism by which the probiotics regain the gut homeostasis is by competitive exclusion, improve intestinal barrier functions, production of antimicrobial substances and immune modulation. Probiotics as a concept acquired scientific credibility when Russian scientist E. Metchnikoff proposed the theory of longevity and attributed the long life of Bulgarians to the consumption of traditional fermented dairy products [51]. The fermented foods such as fermented dairy products, vegetables, sauerkraut, kimchi, and wine are a rich source of probiotics. The probiotics can be a single strain or a combination of strains. The most common genera of probiotics are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces boulardii (yeast). The combination of prebiotics and probiotics is known as synbiotics.
Advances in Nanonutraceuticals: Indian Scenario
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Amthul Azeez, Mubeen Sultana, Lucky, Noorjahan
An additional class of food components known as synbiotics are known to impact human health in a positive way. A combination of prebiotics and probiotics creates a synergistic effect or synergism on the human health and is therefore referred to as synbiotics. These compounds selectively promote the growth of microorganisms, advantageous for the host digestive system, and help in promoting the overall wellbeing of the humans.
Mechanism and Role of Probiotics in Suppressing Bowel Cancer
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Aaishwarya B. Deshmukh, Jayvadan K. Patel, Bharat Mishra
Probiotics are the “live microorganisms” and, of course, nondigestible food ingredient. They are given in sufficient quantities to achieve health benefit by selectively exciting the growth and activity of restricted bacterial varieties already present in the intestines [1]. They were initially employed to recover the health of animals and humans by intonation of the intestinal microbiota [2]. Currently, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains are used to reduce the risk and treat gastrointestinal (GI) infections [3]. Apart from its role in protection of gut, probiotics also exercise other health benefits like improvement in lactose intolerance, escalation of humoral immune responses, recovery of postmenopausal symptoms by biotransformation of isoflavones, bioactive peptides conversions, and dropping serum cholesterol concentrations [4,5]. Prebiotics on other hand are the types of dietary fiber which are neither hydrolyzed nor absorbed in the GI tract. They selectively induce the population of single or more potentially advantageous intestinal bacteria known as probiotics by providing food and creating an environment suitable for probiotics to flourish [6]. Some other synbiotics, which consist of combination of probiotics and prebiotics, are also used.
Randomized double-blinded controlled trial on the effect of synbiotic supplementation on IL-17/IL-23 pathway and disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2023
Masoud Ahangari Maleki, Aida Malek Mahdavi, Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar, Mehdi Yousefi, Alireza Khabbazi
The strong association between axSpAand intestinal inflammation, which involves the IL-17/IL-23 pathway suggested that alterations in the intestinal microflora with prebiotics and probiotics may alter the balance of IL-17 and IL-23 secreting cells in favor of the host [13,14]. Prebiotics are nutrients that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine [15]. Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that may alter the intestinal microflora [15]. Synbiotics are nutritional supplements that combine prebioticsand probiotics in a synergistic pattern [15]. Previous studies indicated that synbiotic supplementation had considerably more synergistic effect on the intestinal and fecal microflora and immune system than either prebiotic or probiotic supplementation alone [16,17]. Limited studies about the syn/probiotics supplementation in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseaseslike rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Behcet’s disease (BD) reported controversial results [18–25]. However, to our knowledge, no studies have evaluated the impact of synbiotic supplementation in patients with axSpA. The present study was conducted to evaluate synbiotic supplementation on IL-17/IL-23 pathway and disease activity in individuals with axSpA.
Probiotics or Synbiotics for Preventing Postoperative Infection in Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Gang Tang, Linyu Zhang, Wang Huang, Zhengqiang Wei
Probiotics are living microorganisms that, when ingested in sufficient quantities, provide health benefits (13). Probiotics can regulate the gut microbiota, protect the normal function of the intestinal barrier, and reduce the translocation of gut microbiota (14, 15). Probiotics have been shown to be effective in treating respiratory and gastrointestinal infections (16, 17). Prebiotics were a class of materials which could selectively increase the beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal tract, including galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin (18). Synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. The use of probiotics or synbiotics has shown great potential in the prevention of postoperative infections. A recent meta-analysis has shown that probiotics reduce the risk of postoperative infection following colorectal cancer surgery (19). Although several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (20–23) have investigated the efficacy of probiotics or synbiotics in preventing infection after HPBC surgery, the results remain controversial. Furthermore, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis to summarize the evidence.
Effects of anti-aging interventions on intestinal microbiota
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Yanjiao Du, Yue Gao, Bo Zeng, Xiaolan Fan, Deying Yang, Mingyao Yang
Synbiotics are defined as “a mixture comprising live microorganisms and substrates selectively utilized by host microorganisms that confers a health benefit on the host”.138 They are usually combinations of probiotics and prebiotics. The synbiotics also shows some health benefits. The use of synbiotics comprising the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum and an inulin-based prebiotic can change the metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota in elderly people. The synbiotic increased the members of Bifidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes and was associated with increased butyrate production.139 Consumption of a synbiotic food for 6 weeks could affect the metabolic status of diabetic patients and had significant effects on serum insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, uric acid and plasma total glutathione levels.140 In addition, synbiotics significantly decreased metabolic syndrome prevalence, several cardiovascular risk factors and markers of insulin resistance in elderly patients.141 However, due to the limited research on synbiotics, there is currently inadequate evidence to recommend synbiotic use to elderly people in general.142