China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Pharmacological actions of chemical constituents
Published in C. P. Khare, Evidence-based Ayurveda, 2019
A study demonstrated the inhibitory activity of quercetin, apigenin and 3,6,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxyflavone against Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Naringenin and sophoraflavanone G have shown intensive antibacterial activity against methicilline resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and streptococci. 5-hydroxyflavanones and 5-hydroxyisoflavanones inhibited the growth of S. mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus.
Oral Health
Published in K. Balamurugan, U. Prithika, Pocket Guide to Bacterial Infections, 2019
Ana Moura Teles, José Manuel Cabeda
Although a specific microbiome that signals dental caries is yet to be found (Ling et al. 2010), the most common bacteria responsible for dental caries are Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus (Selwitz et al. 2007). NGS experiments have demonstrated that in carious lesions with Streptococcus mutans, additional species belonging to the genera Atopobium, Propionibacterium, and Lactobacillus were also present at significantly higher levels. In those subjects with no detectable levels of S. mutans, Lactobacillus species, Bifidobacterium dentium, and low-pH non-S. mutans streptococci were predominant (Aas et al. 2008). Based on these findings, it was advocated that species of the genera Veillonella, Lactobacillus, Scardovia, and Propionibacterium, low-pH non-S. mutans streptococci, Actinomyces species, and Atopobium species may play an important role in caries progression.
Functional Foods Continued
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Type 2 Diabetes, 2018
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
The bactericidal test showed that Kuwanon G completely inactivated S. mutans at a concentration of 20 μg/mL in 1 min. Kuwanon G also significantly inhibited the growth of other cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis causing periodontitis (Park, You, Lee et al. 2003).
Mode of killing determines the necrotrophic response of oral bacteria
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2023
Naiera Zayed, Joana Figueiredo, Wannes Van Holm, Nico Boon, Kristel Bernaerts, Wim Teughels
Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611, Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277, Fusobacterium nucleatum DSM 20482, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 were included in this study as representatives of the periodontal pathogens. Streptococcus mutans ATCC 20523 and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 20742 were included as representatives of the cariogenic species. Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 49818, Streptococcus oralis DSM 20627, Streptococcus sanguinis LM 14657, Streptococcus mitis DSM 12643, Streptococcus salivarius TOVE-R, Actinomyces viscosus DSM 43327, Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 51655, and Veillonella parvula DSM 2008 were included as oral commensals. All the species and strains were maintained on blood agar supplemented with hemin (5.0 mg/mL), menadione (1.0 mg/mL) and 5% sterile horse blood. Broth cultures were prepared in Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI). L-Cysteine HCl at a concentration of 0.04% was added before autoclaving to the BHI used for growing the anaerobic periopathogens (F. nucleatum, P. intermedia and P. gingivalis) [15], while for the rest of the strains, only BHI without extra L-Cysteine HCl was used. BHI supplemented with 0.04% L-Cysteine HCl was noted as (BHIC). F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, V. parvula, A. viscosus and A. naeslundii were maintained under anaerobic conditions while the rest were maintained under 5% CO2.
Effects of xylitol and erythritol consumption on mutans streptococci and the oral microbiota: a systematic review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2020
Eva Söderling, Kaisu Pienihäkkinen
Dental caries results from microbiome dysbiosis involving multiple cariogenic species, including among others Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus (mutans streptococci, MS), other acid-tolerant Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Lactobacillus, Veillonella species and Scardovia wiggsiae [1,2]. The relevancy of MS in the aetiology of dental caries has been questioned [3]. However, MS have key pathogenic properties as extracellular polysaccharide matrix producers, and as acidogenic and aciduric organisms [1–4]. Timing and colonization of MS affect microbiome dysbiosis. Young children acquire the MS from their primary caregivers increasing the future caries risk of the children [2,5,6]. High counts of MS in the dentition appear also to be one of the strongest risk indicators associated with early childhood caries [7,8]. Caries can occur in the absence of MS but it may still be important to consider the role of MS in the multifactorial caries process in order to bring about effective preventive and clinical treatments [2,3,9]. The MS in supragingival plaque are important for the microbiome of plaque-related diseases, such as caries and periodontal disease.
Tea extracts differentially inhibit Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus biofilm colonization depending on the steeping temperature
Published in Biofouling, 2020
Mi-Ah Kim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Ok Hyung Nam
Dental caries is the most prevalent infectious dental disease (Balakrishnan et al. 2000), the etiology of which involves complex interactions between multifactorial predisposing factors. Among the possible predisposing microbiological factors, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the primary bacterial pathogens (Kirthiga et al. 2019). These bacteria produce glucosyltransferases (GTFs) that can generate both insoluble and soluble glucans that promote the formation of oral biofilms on the tooth surface (Ooshima et al. 2001; Bowen and Koo 2011). These bacteria can also convert sucrose into acid, reducing the pH of the oral environment and can survive below a pH of 5.5, which is the threshold pH value at which teeth start to dissolve and/or demineralize (Anderson et al. 2001). Therefore, the virulence of these bacteria can reflect the cariogenicity of dental caries.