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Review of the Human Brain and EEG Signals
Published in Teodiano Freire Bastos-Filho, Introduction to Non-Invasive EEG-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces for Assistive Technologies, 2020
Alessandro Botti Benevides, Alan Silva da Paz Floriano, Mario Sarcinelli-Filho, Teodiano Freire Bastos-Filho
The vestibular system, which informs the position and movement of the head providing sense of balance, is driven by the auditory nerve to the ventral posterolateral (VPL) and VPM nucleus of the thalamus, projecting axons to regions close to the representation of the face between S1 and M1. The somatic sensory system, which involves the senses of touch, temperature, pain, and body position, sends the information from the sensory receptors through the spinal cord, following to medulla, pons, and midbrain until it reaches VPL and VPM nuclei, projecting axons to S1 [1].
Functional abdominal disorders
Published in Michael JG Farthing, Anne B Ballinger, Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 2019
Bernard Coulie, Michael Camilleri
These visceral abnormalities do not extend to the somatic sensory system, since somatic sensitivity is normal in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.19,21,27 The interactions between impaired accommodation and visceral hypersensitivity and dyspepsia symptoms remain unclear. Thus, the contribution of compliance and tone to mechanosensory function must be considered when evaluating visceral sensory perception. Pharmacological data obtained in healthy subjects suggest that gastric tone determines almost one-half of the variance in the perception of intragastric distention.28 Similar studies are clearly needed in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia to ascertain the contribution of local motor responses and sensory mechanisms in the increased sensitivity of the stomach.
Anesthesiological Considerations for the Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient
Published in Barend J. van Royen, Ben A. C. Dijkmans, Ankylosing Spondylitis Diagnosis and Management, 2006
Jaap J. de Lange, Wouter W. A. Zuurmond
Most experience has been achieved with SSEP. By electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve (e.g., the post-tibial nerve) the response in the cerebral cortex is monitored. Interruption of the signal indicates threatening of spinal damage and immediate restoration of spinal cord function may be still possible. With this technique one monitors the integrity of the somatic sensory system, thus the dorsal part of the medulla. Applying the second technique the integrity of the motor system of the medulla (the ventral part) is monitored. This technique is especially suitable for monitoring the function of the spinal cord during aortic surgery.
Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carrier-based nanotherapeutics for the treatment of psoriasis
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021
Capsaicin is the main constituent of the plant Capsicum annum belonging to the family Solanaceae. It functions majorly at the primary afferent neurons of C-fibers in the nerves of somatic sensory system [41]. The anti-inflammatory property of capsaicin is attributed to the production of nitric oxide in peripheral macrophages, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibition and release of substance P [42]. In a study, capsaicin has also been found to translate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) gene in hyperproliferated psoriatic skin [43]. A double-blind study was carried out on patients with moderate and severe psoriasis. After 6 weeks of topical capsaicin treatment, a significant reduction in erythema, redness, itching, and scaling was observed which disappeared upon continued use. These outcomes suggested the application of capsaicin in curing psoriasis [44].
Risk factors for falls in Iranian older adults: a case-control study
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2019
Zahra Taheri-Kharameh, Jalal Poorolajal, Saeed Bashirian, Rashid Heydari Moghadam, Mahmoud Parham, Majid Barati, Éva Rásky
Self-report dizziness/vertigo was another predictor of falls. Other studies have reported dizziness as a risk factor for falls and it has been recognized as a possible geriatric syndrome (Paiva et al., 2017; Walther et al., 2010). The dizziness is recurrent in the older adults because of the body systems functions decreasing, especially, the balance, which includes the integration of vestibular, visual and somatic sensory system (Paiva et al., 2017). However, dizziness has multi-factorial causation and it can be due to defect of inner ear, neurological, psychiatric or medical factors.