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Case 2.9
Published in Monica Fawzy, Plastic Surgery Vivas for the FRCS(Plast), 2023
How would you manage a whistle deformity?In patients where the deficiency is relatively localized, then my first choice is to use a V-Y advancement, with the V in the lip sulcus. This also allows for the correction of the attenuation of orbicularis – if present.In those with a deficiency along the whole length of the lip, then I will use a dermal graft. It is simple and can be repeated in the case of resorption. However the disadvantage is that it can be difficult to position them correctly.I am aware of the use of laterally based Kapitansky advancement flaps, if there is a discrepancy in the wet dry vermillion; however, the accepted disadvantage is that they leave a lot of scarring along the lip, so I prefer to avoid this.
Three-Dimensional Printing: Future of Pharmaceutical Industry
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Manju Bala, Anju Dhiman, Harish Dureja, Munish Garg, Pooja A Chawla, Viney Chawla
Zopf et al fabricated a bioresorbable tracheal splint by using combination of laser-based 3D printing, computed tomography, and computer-aided design and then implanted into the patient to treat tracheobronchomalacia. During estimation within three years, full resorption found in the patient (Bracci et al. 2013).
Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Adrenal Glands
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Zona fasciculata (ZF)Constitutes up to 75% of the cortex.Secretes mainly cortisol glucocorticoid and some androgen precursors.Cortisol increases in response to stress. Maintains blood pressure (increases the effect of vasoconstrictors).Suppresses the immune system.Increases gluconeogenesis and decreases peripheral glucose uptake.Activates lipolysis.Bone resorption.Skin thinning.
A patent review on cathepsin K inhibitors to treat osteoporosis (2011 – 2021)
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2022
Fernanda R. Rocho, Vinícius Bonatto, Rafael F. Lameiro, Jerônimo Lameira, Andrei Leitão, Carlos A. Montanari
The use of activity-based probes (ABPs) as substrates of CatK has been described in the literature for measuring CatK activity [79–81]. A recent patent [82] presents a series of ‘osteoadsorptive fluorogenic sentinel’ (OFS-1) probes synthesized at the University of Southern California by McKenna CE and shown by Nishimura I (University of California, Los Angeles) to act as substrates of CatK released by osteoclasts. The probe consists of a bone-anchoring bisphosphonate moiety connected to a FRET quencher in a CatK peptide substrate sequence. The fluorogenic substrates are adsorbed by hydroxyapatite (HAp) and bone mineral surfaces, where an external fluorescent signal is generated in response to the osteoclast-secreted CatK. Thus, it is a promising new imaging tool to detect abnormal bone resorption. The resorption can be monitored throughout extended periods with a single dose, differently from existing probes cleared within a few days in vivo.
Comparison of complications in cranioplasty with various materials: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2020
Liming Liu, Shou-Tao Lu, Ai-Hua Liu, Wen-Bo Hou, Wen-Rui Cao, Chao Zhou, Yu-Xia Yin, Kun-Shan Yuan, Han-Jie Liu, Ming-Guang Zhang, Hai-Jun Zhang
For many surgeons, autologous bone graft remains the first choice for cranioplasty, owing to its tissue compatibility, osteoinduction and low cost. We identified a 33.2% (214/644) overall complication rate for autologous bone graft cranioplasties with a range of 14.2–50% between studies,9,41–43 which was significantly higher than that of the combined bone substitute groups (n = 116/436 procedures, 26.7%). Infection, hematoma and bone resorption are the main causes of high complication rate of autologous bone grafts. Resorption occurred most frequently in autologous bone. Resorption in bone substitutes is less likely to occur.44 The cost of autogenous bone is low, but this saving is offset by other factors such as costs related to the length of surgery, utilization of intensive care unit (ICU), length of hospital stay and seriousness of complications.45 Particularly in cases when the defect size is greater than 120 cm2, bone substitutes may be the first choice material for the long term.46–48
Melatonin and alcohol-related disorders
Published in Chronobiology International, 2020
Natalia Kurhaluk, Halyna Tkachenko
Alcohol exposure occurs through two main stages. The first is absorption or resorption, the second is excretion or elimination. The absorption time is counted from the commencement of alcohol intake until the attainment of its maximum concentration in the blood. This period varies from person to person and can range from 2 to 6 h. Excretion entails over 90% of the absorbed ethanol being oxidized in the liver to acetaldehyde, which is then broken down to carbon dioxide, acetic acid, and water. Additionally, 2-10% of alcohol is excreted from the body in unchanged form through breath, urine, feces, and sweat. This process of alcohol elimination last 8–12 h. The rest of the alcohol is oxidized in the organism. Thus, the elimination of alcohol requires a much longer duration time than its absorption (Zakhari 2006).