China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Nanoparticle-Stabilized Liposomes as an Effective Bio-Active Drug Molecule Delivery for Acne Treatment
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Catherine Wilkinson, Marco N. De Canha, Namrita Lall
Liposomes are able to increase drug bioavailability, allowing use of the drug at lower concentrations and, therefore, lower toxicity (Francolini et al., 2019). Examples of liposomal NP administered drugs include: Amphotericin B, Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Verteporfin and morphine sulfate, among others (Fu, 2016). Doxorubicin-loaded pH-sensitive liposomes were shown by Paliwal et al. (2012) to have enhanced intracellular accumulation and activity. These liposomes showed better activity than both free drug molecules and non-pH-sensitive targeted liposomes (Paliwal et al., 2012). Paromomycin-loaded conventional liposomes are able to permeate skin more effectively and have an improved therapeutic effect in the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis than free paromomycin molecules (Carneiro et al., 2010). Liposomes can be used for the delivery of a range of bio-active compounds for the treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions throughout various parts of the body; rendering that they are not a limited drug-carrier system (Lamichhane et al., 2018).
Organic Nanocarriers for Brain Drug Delivery
Published in Carla Vitorino, Andreia Jorge, Alberto Pais, Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery, 2021
Marlene Lúcio, Carla M. Lopes, Eduarda Fernandes, Hugo Gonẹalves, Maria Elisabete C. D. Real Oliveira
Liposomes are formed by amphiphiles (e.g. phospholipids) which, once dispersed in an aqueous media, self-assemble as vesicles [2, 64, 65]. These vesicles are made up of lipid bilayers, where the hydrophobic part of the amphiphiles (hydrophobic fatty acid chains) is oriented away from the aqueous polar phase, while the polar portions of the molecules (headgroup regions) are exposed to the aqueous solvent which exists in the vesicle core and also around the vesicle [2, 64, 65]. The amphiphilic nature of liposomes permits the encapsulation of a vast number of drugs with different polarities. While hydrophilic drugs are located nearby the hydrophilic headgroup region or in the aqueous core, hydrophobic drugs are loaded inside the lipid bilayer within the acyl chains region [66]. In addition to the advantages of ease of encapsulation, the lipid composition of liposomes, often resembling the phospholipid composition of biological membranes, also gives these systems advantages of biocompatibility [2, 14] (Table 4.1).
Nanomedicines for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Admire Dube, Boitumelo Semete-Makokotlela, Bathabile Ramalapa, Jessica Reynolds, Frank Boury
Liposomes are spherical vesicles consisting of phospholipid bilayers capability to entrap water-soluble drugs in the hydrophilic compartment and hydrophobic drugs in the lipid layers. They therefore present an opportunity to deliver drug cocktails of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Drug delivery with liposomes has been widely investigated and has had numerous commercial applications, including in infectious diseases (Zazo et al., 2016). One such example is AmBisome® (liposomal Amphotericin B), approved by the FDA in 1997 for the treatment of fungal and protozoal infections. Liposomes have also been used to deliver latency activators to CD4+ T cells for the treatment of HIV (Kovochich et al., 2011). Kovochich et al. (2011) reported liposome-based co-delivery of nelfinavir and bryostatin-2 and consequent activation of latent virus and inhibition of virus spread. Mannose-decorated liposomes have been used by Chono et al. (2008) to achieve increased ciprofloxacin levels in macrophages and in plasma. Greco et al. (2012) constructed Janus-faced liposomes for TB treatment. The liposomes were constructed with external phosphatidylserine (induces phagocytic recognition and engulfment) and internal phosphatidic acid (promotes phagolysosome maturation). These liposomes could be taken up efficiently by macrophages leading to increased intracellular killing of M. tb.
Multifunctional icariin and tanshinone IIA co-delivery liposomes with potential application for Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Jiao Wang, Liang Kong, Rui-Bo Guo, Si-Yu He, Xin-Ze Liu, Lu Zhang, Yang Liu, Yang Yu, Xue-Tao Li, Lan Cheng
Liposomes are non-degradable, nontoxic and non-immune in vivo. As a drug carrier, liposomes are able to improve the therapeutic effect, reduce drug toxicity, reduce drug dose, etc., and can be used as an ideal carrier to improve the concentration of drugs in the brain. Liposomes with particle size ranging from 20 nm to 1000 nm can be used as carriers of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic drugs. Liposomes are highly lipophilic and can be transported into the brain by passive transport, membrane fusion with cerebrovascular endothelial membranes, or by endocytosis (Carita et al., 2018; Shah et al., 2020). In addition, specific targeting of liposomes can be achieved by modifying appropriate targeting vectors. Liposomes modified with specific ligands or antibodies can realize active brain targeting by recognizing endogenous receptors on cerebrovascular endothelial membranes (Ruan et al., 2021). Angiopep-2 is composed of 19 amino acids, whose amino acid sequence is TFFYGGSRGKRNNFKTEEY and molecular weight is 2.4 kDa (Wang et al., 2018). Angiopep-2 is a family of peptides that can target the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) domain and have a good ability of assisting carriers to penetrate BBB (Zhu et al., 2021). It has been proven that Aniopep-2 binds to nanocarriers to promote specific penetration of drug delivery or genes through low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) receptor-mediated endocytosis of the BBB, thus improving the therapeutic effect of central nervous system diseases such as AD (Candela et al., 2015; Duro-Castano et al., 2021).
Liposome-based codelivery of celecoxib and doxorubicin hydrochloride as a synergistic dual-drug delivery system for enhancing the anticancer effect
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2020
Kamel S. Ahmed, Sun Changling, Xiaotian Shan, Jing Mao, Lipeng Qiu, Jinghua Chen
Liposomes are one of the main advanced approaches in drug delivery systems. Researches related to liposomes have gained an attractive importance in pharmaceutical, biological, and medical fields since liposomes consider the most proper carriers for the introduction of all kinds of agents, such as anticancer drugs (Petersen et al.2016, Ito et al.2016), antibiotics (Drulis-Kawa and Dorotkiewicz-Jach 2010, Jung et al. 2015), anti-inflammatory (Fujisawa et al. 2012, Ghanbarzadeh and Arami 2013), genes (Teagle et al. 2016, Zylberberg et al. 2017), and antifungal (Perez et al. 2016, Della Pepa et al.2016). Liposomes are the first enclosed microscopic phospholipid bilayer systems, which were discovered in 1965 (Allen and Moase 1996, Ming-Kung 2012, Ahmed et al.2018). The main advantages of systemic liposomes as drug formulations arise from their biodegradability, lower systemic toxicity, targeted delivery, sensitive molecules protection, and enhanced pharmacokinetic effects. On the other hand, their advantages for the topical applications accrue from the demonstrated ability to decrease serious incompatibilities and side effects that might originate from the undesirably large systemic drugs absorption, the significant improvement of drug accumulation at the required site of action owing to the high similarity between the liposome composition and the biological membranes (Akbarzadeh et al. 2013).
Development of an effective liposomal cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) vaccine for protecting against atherosclerosis in rabbit model
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
Tamara Aghebati, Mahdieh Arabsalmani, Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour, Mohammad Afshar, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Khalil Abnous, Saeed Nazemi, Ali Badiee
Liposomes are safe, readily biodegradable, able to promote an antigen-specific immune response, easy to use and stable before administration(Alving 1991; Alving, Peachman, et al. 2012). Liposomes also serve as carriers of a variety of adjuvants and mediators, including lipid A, CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs), cytokines, etc. (Alving, Rao, et al. 2012; Heravi Shargh et al. 2012). Physicochemical and adjuvant properties of the liposomal peptides are highly influenced by the method of preparation (Fan et al. 2007). Since TT-CETP is a hydrophobic peptide with poor water solubility, the encapsulation of this peptides into liposome was partially challenging (Ryan and Rittershaus 2006). Therefore, we evaluated different preparation methods to find a method with high peptide encapsulation efficiency (EE %) and well-characterized liposomal physicochemical properties.