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Nanomaterials for Theranostics: Recent Advances and Future Challenges *
Published in Valerio Voliani, Nanomaterials and Neoplasms, 2021
Eun-Kyung Lim, Taekhoon Kim, Soonmyung Paik, Seungjoo Haam, Yong-Min Huh, Kwangyeol Lee
Liu and Chen et al. prepared a multifunctional nanoparticle capable of magnetically controlled drug release and drug monitoring by imaging [785]. After self-assembly, the poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) molecules were aggregated into a micelle structure. Model drug molecules (green fluorescence dye) were embedded within the PVP, and a thin layer of iron oxide was subsequently deposited on the core surface in single-crystal form. The iron ions could be efficiently anchored onto the pyrrolidone ring of PVP. This provided epitaxy-like growth of the oxide to form a single-crystal structure. After the core/shell nanocapsules were synthesized, Zn−Cu−In−S QDs were grown on the shell surface. The surface of the nanoheterodimers was further modified with FA as a targeting ligand. When drug-loaded nanoparticles were subjected to the high-frequency magnetic field, the intensity of the model drug emission peak at 517 nm increased and the intensity of the emission peak from the QDs decreased. This is consistent with the structural deformation of the nanocomposite under a magnetic field (Fig. 16.30A). They also established a successful in vitro drug-delivery procedure to treat HeLa cells.
Essential Oils in Cancer Therapy
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Carmen Trummer, Gerhard Buchbauer
A cell line is a population of cells descended from a single cell containing the same genetic material (Alberts et al., 2002). Human cancer-derived cell lines are substantial models that are commonly used in laboratories to examine the biology of cancer and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer agents (Sharma et al., 2010). The first cultured cancer cell line was HeLa (taken from Henrietta Lacks) in 1951 (Scherer et al., 1953). From that time on, hundreds of cancer cell lines have been developed and propagated. There are two different types of production processes, either in vitro as monolayer cultures or in vivo as xenografts in mice (Mattern et al., 1988).
Antiproliferative Potential of Medicinal Plants—an Evaluation by in Vivo, in Vitro, and in Silico Approaches
Published in V. R. Mohan, A. Doss, P. S. Tresina, Ethnomedicinal Plants with Therapeutic Properties, 2019
HeLa cells are the most commonly used cancer cells in the world. The cells were taken from a lady called Henrietta Lacks from her cancerous cervical tumor in 1951 which today is known as HeLa cells. HeLa cells are well-identified necroptosis-resistant cancer cell line. They are the chief cell lines to survive outside the human body and grow. Other cell lines used for cervical are CaSki, ME-180, HT-3, TSLC-1, etc. The cytototoxic role of the extract of I. coccinea was evident from the in vitro study using HeLa cell line. In this study, oxidative stress was significantly inhibited and apoptosis was enhanced by upregulating the p53, BAX, and caspase 3 expressions and downregulating the Bcl2 expression thereby highlighting the apoptotic role. Thus, the extract increased nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation (unpublished data).
Zinc oxide end-capped Fe3O4@mSiO2 core-shell nanocarriers as targeted and responsive drug delivery system for chemo-/ions synergistic therapeutics
Published in Drug Delivery, 2019
Minchao Liu, Xiangyu Sun, Zhihui Liao, Yahui Li, Xiaoliang Qi, Yuna Qian, Hicham Fenniri, Ping Zhao, Jianliang Shen
Culture of HeLa cells was carried out using a previously reported method (Zhu et al., 2010). HeLa cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-cayboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTT) assay as described by Zhu et al. (2010) with some modifications. Briefly, HeLa cells were seeded at 7 × 103 cells per well in 96-well plates and cultured for 48 h before exposure to free DNM, Fe3O4@mSiO2-DNM and Fe3O4@mSiO2-DNM-ZnO NPs at a serial concentration for 6 h. After exposure, 100 μL of MTT solution (0.5 mg mL−1) was added to each well. The cell was further incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. After removing medium carefully, the resulting formazan product was dissolved in DMSO (150 μL per well). The absorbance at 490 nm was recorded using a microplate reader (Perkin Elmer). The percentage (%) viability is calculated by the following equations:
Effect of the flame retardant tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) on Na+-K+-ATPase and Cl− transport in HeLa cells
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2018
Simona Latronico, Maria Elena Giordano, Emanuela Urso, Maria Giulia Lionetto, Trifone Schettino
This work was addressed to investigate the effect of TDCPP on some membrane transport mechanisms involved in the ion cellular homeostasis fundamental for cell viability, such as the Na+-K+-ATPase pump and Cl− transport. The study was carried out on HeLa cells, a widely used in vitro model for toxicity testing. Intracellular ion homeostasis is fundamental for cell functions and the cell strongly needs to maintain a normal ionic balance to remain healthy and viable. Perturbations of the normal cytoplasmic ionic environment are associated with alteration of the cell cycle and cell death. Na+, K+, and Cl− are the main monovalent ions involved in the intracellular ion homeostasis. Perturbation of the concentration of these ions, such as decrease in the intracellular K+ and Cl− concentrations are associated to cell death (Wang et al. 2013).
Preparation of a mesoporous silica-based nano-vehicle for dual DOX/CPT pH-triggered delivery
Published in Drug Delivery, 2018
Maria C. Llinàs, Gabriel Martínez-Edo, Anna Cascante, Irene Porcar, Salvador Borrós, David Sánchez-García
Additionally, cell death assays with cell line U-87 MG were carried out (Figure 6(b)). The effect on the viability of the cells was less marked than with HeLa cells. However, the combination effect of the two drug was also observed, for instance, from comparison of cell viability at 5 μg/mL in the presence of nanoparticles loaded with DOX alone (MSN-hyd-PEG-hyd-DOX) or the combination of both drugs CPT/DOX (CPT@MSN-hyd-PEG-hyd-DOX). These values were 70% and 57%, respectively. As reference, at the same concentration, HeLa cells showed values of 50% and 28% of viability indicating a higher sensitivity to these treatments. As it was observed with HeLa cells, the effects of the combined treatment (CPT/DOX) are more significant at 72 h than at 24 h (Figure S13). The calculated value of IC50 for CPT@MSN-hyd-PEG-hyd-DOX is 4.22 μg·mL−1, and the corresponding CI was 0.32. Again, a synergistic effect on combining both drugs takes place.