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Naturally Occurring Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancers
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Sujatha Puttalingaiah, Murthy V. Greeshma, Mahadevaswamy G. Kuruburu, Venugopal R. Bovilla, SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
This class comprises of HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC6, HDAC7, HDAC9 and HDAC10 (Figure 8.2B) (Seto and Yoshida, 2014). Class II proteins exhibit similarity in amino acids sequence to the yeast Hda1 protein (Yang and Gregoire, 2005). Class II enzymes are further subdivided into class IIa—consisting of HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9—and Class IIb, consisting of HDAC6 and 10 (Park and Kim, 2020). Class IIa enzymes shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm, and form large complex structures by interacting with other proteins, while Class IIb HDACs are located mainly in the cytoplasm. HDAC6 is a well-characterized cytoplasmic deacetylase (Figure 8.1C). The catalytic domains of Class II HDACs contain a structural zinc ion-binding subdomain and exhibit at least 1,000-fold lower enzymatic activity when compared with that of class I HDACs (Park and Kim, 2020).
Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attacks of the Brain and Eye
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Along with uncommon highly penetrant mendelian mutations that may cause stroke (e.g. NOTCH 3 [19p13], α-GAL [Xq22], TREX1 [3p21], amyloid precursor protein [APP; 21q21]), several genetic loci have been associated with ischemic stroke (e.g. chromosome 12q24.12 near ALDH2) and its subtypes: the ZFHX3 gene on chromosome 16q22 and PITX2 gene on chromosome 4q25 for cardioembolic stroke, the HDAC9 gene on chromosome 7p21 and locus on chromosome 1p13.2 near the TSPAN2 gene for large-vessel stroke, and chromosome 6p25 near the FOXF2 gene for small-vessel disease.23
Definition, risk factors, and epidemiology of osteoporosis
Published in Peter V. Giannoudis, Thomas A. Einhorn, Surgical and Medical Treatment of Osteoporosis, 2020
Other abundant factors in bone tissue include members of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family (HDAC1, HDAC3, HDAC5, and HDAC9), whereas HDAC5 inhibits Runx2 activity and HDAC9 inhibits peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and RANKL-reducing osteoclastogenesis. Other factors modulating Runx2 expression are fibroblast growth factors (FGFR2s) and HOXA10 (59).
Reverse expression pattern of sirtuin-1 and histone deacetylase-9 in coronary artery disease
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Laleh Heidari, Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian, Milad Bastami, Shadi Hosseini, Saeed Alipour Parsa, Sahel Heidari, Hossein Jafari, Nasim Sohrabifar, Maryam Pirhoushiaran
The data of the present work demonstrated that the expression of SIRT1 mRNA in CAD patients with or without diabetes was lower than controls. Also, mRNA expression levels of the HDAC9 gene in CAD patients with or without diabetes were higher than controls. Our study has also shown that the methylation status of the SIRT1 gene promoter appeared to be hypermethylated, while the HDAC9 gene was revealed to be hypomethylated in CAD patients in comparison to control subjects. This is also worth mentioning that the GG genotype of SIRT1 rs7069102 and T allele of HDAC9 rs2107595 significantly is associated with CAD. Besides, the CG/GG genotype of SIRT1 rs7069102 compared to CC genotype was revealed to have an association with decreased expression of SIRT1 mRNA and HDAC9 rs2107595 CT/CC genotypes compared to TT genotype have a strongly significant association with higher expression levels of HDAC9 in CAD patients.
Sclerostin is involved in osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells in chronic kidney disease-associated vascular calcification with non-canonical Wnt signaling
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Qiong Xiao, Yun Tang, Haojun Luo, Sipei Chen, Rong Chen, Zhe Yan, Lei Pu, Li Wang, Guisen Li, Yi Li
Different molecules have been recognized based on their ability to promote or inhibit the process of extraskeletal calcification. Using genome-wide microarray analyses, Lee et al. showed that the protein C receptor, a novel calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells-dependent genes, contributes to VSMC phenotypic modulation [16]. Furmanik et al. also reported that contractile VSMCs are resistant to calcification and that Nox5 is a key regulator of VSMC phenotypic switching [17]. In a translational genomic study, Malhotra et al. found that HDAC9 is a genetic risk locus associated with calcification of the abdominal aorta that affects the VSMC phenotype [18]. However, the mechanism underlying CKD-associated vascular calcification remains unclear, and novel targets need to be elucidated.
Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on histone modifications and histone modifying enzymes expression in human cell lines
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2022
Marta Pogribna, Beverly Word, Beverly Lyn-Cook, George Hammons
ASH1L is a H3K4 methyltransferase. Overexpression of ASH1L in thyroid tumors and lung cancer cell lines has been described (Liu et al. 2012; Colamaio et al. 2015). Higher levels of expression of CARM1 (PRMT4) have been reported in breast, colorectal, and hormone-dependent prostate tumors (Cheung et al. 2007; Kim et al. 2010). Expression of G9a (EHMT2) was dramatically increased in colorectal tumor tissues and overexpression was correlated with tumor differentiation and tumor relapse (Qin et al. 2018). Overexpression of EHMT2 has also been reported in other cancers (Casciello et al. 2015). HAT1 (KAT1), a H3K9 acetyltransferase, is involved in several biological functions, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation, and glucose metabolism. Dysregulation of HAT1 is implicated in various diseases, including cancer (Poziello et al. 2021). Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) functions as an oncogene in a variety of cancers (Ma et al. 2019). In non-small cell lung cancer patients, it was found that high HDAC9 expression correlated with worse overall survival and poor prognosis.