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Magnets for Beam Control and Manipulation
Published in Rob Appleby, Graeme Burt, James Clarke, Hywel Owen, The Science and Technology of Particle Accelerators, 2020
Rob Appleby, Graeme Burt, James Clarke, Hywel Owen
For the coils, it is crucial that the insulation is adequate to prevent any electrical breakdown between turns or between the coil and the yoke. It is common to request that the coils be insulated using fibre glass tape wound around the conductor as the coil is fabricated and for the full coil to then be mechanically consolidated with a radiation-resistant epoxy resin under vacuum impregnation to ensure full penetration within the coil. We do not allow any joints in the conductor within a single coil as this is a possible source of unreliability or failure, as mentioned earlier. We insist on a set of electrical and thermal tests for every coil prior to magnet assembly. All the coils being thermally cycled several times to confirm the epoxy consolidation is mechanically robust. For the electrical tests we check the inter-turn insulation and insulation to ground.
Common Tips on Communication
Published in Justin C Konje, Complete Revision Guide for MRCOG Part 3, 2020
When can pregnancy occur after a molar pregnancy? You can usually get pregnant after treatment if you wish, but you will be advised not to try for at least 6 months if your hormone levels are back to normal within 56 days (8 weeks), but if they are not back to normal within 8 weeks, you should avoid pregnancy for at least a year from when they are back to normal because there’s a chance (about 1 in 30) that PTD could come back during this time. You can have sex as soon as you feel physically and emotionally ready. If you have any bleeding after your treatment, you should avoid sex until it stops. Having a molar pregnancy does not affect your chances of getting pregnant again, and the risk of having another molar pregnancy is small (about 1 in 80). It is best not to try for a baby until after monitoring has finished, in case you need further treatment to remove any cells left in your womb/body. Apart from the intrauterine contraceptive device (the coil), most forms of contraception are acceptable. In the past, it used to be thought that the combined pill delays a return to normal of the hormones, but there is no evidence for this. Doctors say it’s safe to get pregnant again. You can however use the coil once your hCG level has returned to normal.
DRCOG OSCE for Circuit A Answers
Published in Una F. Coales, DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Possible complications associated with the IUD can be divided into early and late complications. Early complications include heavy bleeding, prolonged pain on and after insertion of the coil, and uterine perforation. Late complications include displacement of the IUD, intermenstrual spotting or menorrhagia, pelvic inflammatory disease (anaerobes, actinomycetes, Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoea), partial or complete expulsion of the coil, and pregnancy with an increased relative rate of ectopic pregnancy.
The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of attention and memory impairment following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2022
Wen-Wen Xu, Qing-Hong Liao, Dan-Wei Zhu
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive and painless procedure which has been reported to improve attention and memory impairment [10]. TMS is a cortical stimulation method founded by Barker et al. in 1985. It generates a magnetic field through a coil, and form an opposite-directional current in the cerebral cortex, resulting in excited or inhibited neuronal activities [11]. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is performed by continuous emission of multiple pulses with the same frequency. Slow (1 Hz) rTMS can inhibit cortical activity while fast rTMS (5, 10 or 20 Hz) can increase cortical excitability [12]. The cortex activities can thus be bidirectionally modulated by rTMS. However, individual studies are limited due to small sample sizes and inconsistent results. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of TMS on the improvement of attention and memory impairment following stroke and provide evidence for clinical treatment.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults with congenital heart disease: markers of disease severity, management of advanced heart failure and transplantation
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2021
Katrijn Jansen, Andrew Constantine, Robin Condliffe, Robert Tulloh, Paul Clift, Shahin Moledina, S John Wort, Konstantinos Dimopoulos
PAH-CHD patients should remain active and fit within their abilities, avoiding sudden strenuous efforts, extreme isometric exercise or competitive sports [42]. Pregnancy is generally contraindicated despite improvements in management as it still carries significant risks of morbidity and mortality, including a high rate of neonatal complications [43]. Interruption of pregnancy also carries significant risks, hence adequate contraception is important. Contraception advice differs between centers, most specialists advising the avoidance of estrogen-containing compounds. Dual contraception is preferred, especially if the progesterone-only pill is used as the primary method of contraception because of the relatively high failure rate. Long-term reversible contraception provides good efficacy, but coil implantation needs to be performed in a hospital setting as it can cause a vasovagal response, which is poorly tolerated in patients with PAH [44–47].
Update on shunt closure in neonates and infants
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2021
Karim A. Diab, Younes Boujemline, Ziyad M. Hijazi
Amplatzer Duct occluder devices which are commonly used in older children, can be problematic in smaller infants due to the risk of occluding the aorta by the retention discs. Therefore, coil closure is the preferred and safest approach in very small infants. Francis et al. [100] described successful coil occlusion of the PDA in eight preterm infants with a median birth weight of 1,040 g (range 700–1,700 g) with no significant complications. Abadir eet al. [94] also reported their data from France in using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder device in 58 infants (mean weight 5 kg range 3.4–6 kg; mean age 5.5 months, range 2.1–15.3 months). The procedure was successful in 89.7% of cases. Procedure-related mortality occurred in a 4-kg infant (1.7%) and the rate of major and minor complications was 66.9% and 31.0%of patients, respectively. The authors also reported that the risk for unsuccessful procedures and/or major complications was associated with cases with a PDA diameter greater than 3.7 mm, type C (tubular shape) and a diameter/patient weight ratio greater than 0.91.