China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Current Role of Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Published in Ayman El-Baz, Gyan Pareek, Jasjit S. Suri, Prostate Cancer Imaging, 2018
H. Abraham Chiang, George E. Haleblian
The only published case series for focal RFA of prostate cancer is a proof-of-concept study dating back to 1998. In this series, 15 patients received RFA with no intention to treat prior to radical prostatectomy. Both monopolar and bipolar energy were used and target lesions identified when visible on TRUS. Even if no suspicious lesions were visible, one or two ablative lesions were made in the gland. Surgical pathology demonstrated coagulative necrosis lesions in line with predicted lesion size. No oncologic or functional outcomes were measured (Zlotta et al. 1998).
Diagnostic Approach to the Patient with Necrosis on Lung Biopsy
Published in Philip T. Cagle, Timothy C. Allen, Mary Beth Beasley, Diagnostic Pulmonary Pathology, 2008
Steven H. Kirtland, Soumya Parimi
Necrosis is the morphologic change indicative of cell death, characterized by the breakdown of cell membranes. The histological appearance of necrosis depends on differences in the amounts of proteolysis, protein coagulation, and calcification. There are three recognized variants of necrosis found in the lung. Coagulation necrosis, the most common, is characterized by amorphic cell content from denaturization of cellular proteins after death with preservation of a pale, swollen, eosinophilic cell outline. Pulmonary embolus with infarction and some lung cancers produce this type of necrosis. Liquefaction necrosis is characterized by neutrophils in the central area of an amorphic region. This necrosis is because of the release of hydrolytic enzymes. Granulation tissue and fibroblasts start at the periphery of the lesion and move centrally as the lesion heals. Bacterial infection with abscess formation is the principal cause of this type of necrosis. Finally, caseating necrosis is a combination of coagulation and liquefaction. It results in yellow-white, sharply circumscribed, amorphous granular debris surrounded by epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, with an outer rim of fibroblasts, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and histiocytes. Fungal and mycobacterial infections are usually responsible for this form of necrosis.
Radiofrequency Ablation of Lung Tumors
Published in Phillip M. Boiselle, Charles S. White, New Techniques in Cardiothoracic Imaging, 2007
Amita Sharma, Jo-Anne O. Shepard
A direct comparison between the different electrodes has been reported in porcine lungs (25). The RFA was performed with a single internally cold electrode (Valleylab), a saline perfusion electrode (Berchtold), and a multitined electrode (RITA Medical Systems). The area of coagulative necrosis was correlated with postablation CT scans. The perfusion electrode produced significantly larger ablation zones than either internally cooled electrode or the multitined electrode. However, it also produced an irregular ablation zone that was determined largely by the unpredictable distribution of hypertonic saline. In addition, normal lung rather than tumors were ablated, making direct extrapolation of the findings to tumor ablation difficult.
The histotripsy spectrum: differences and similarities in techniques and instrumentation
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2023
Randall P. Williams, Julianna C. Simon, Vera A. Khokhlova, Oleg A. Sapozhnikov, Tatiana D. Khokhlova
In comparing shock-scattering and intrinsic threshold histotripsy in fibrous tissues, per a recently reported study in resected human uterine leiomyomas, shock-scattering histotripsy with 5-cycle pulse duration only achieved the formation of scattered areas of disruption within targeted tissue, similarly to BPH [116]. Intrinsic threshold histotripsy exposures resulted in a more defined (i.e., less diffuse) bubble cloud, as per US imaging, and achieved full fractionation, albeit only at a very large treatment time, more than 100 times over that required for soft tissue ablation. It should be noted, however, that the 5-cycle pulses were delivered at higher PRF compared to single-cycle pulses, which may have confounded the comparison. Another interesting aspect of this study was the presence of coagulative necrosis, along with liquefactive necrosis in all successful exposures, further supporting the concept of using heat to enhance fractionation.
Image-guided thermal ablation in the management of symptomatic adenomyosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2021
Lu Liu, Tianfu Wang, Baiying Lei
This meta-analysis revealed that HIFU, PMWA and RFA were effective in alleviating the dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia and other AD-related symptoms, which was consistent with the reduction of uterus volume and AD volume. Compared to those at baseline, the VAS, SSS and menorrhagia severity scores decreased significantly and the relief rates of dysmenorrhea were all above 80% at the time of follow-up after these treatments. The result also demonstrated that there was a continuous remission in the symptoms throughout follow-up. A previous study [55] showed that the improvement in dysmenorrhea symptom has a strong correlation with the extent of the endometrial penetration. Generally, the larger the range of coagulative necrosis, the better the clinical symptomatic relief of the treatment [42].
In-situ vaccination using focused ultrasound heating and anti-CD-40 agonistic antibody enhances T-cell mediated local and abscopal effects in murine melanoma
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2019
Mohit Pratap Singh, Sri Nandhini Sethuraman, Jerry Ritchey, Steven Fiering, Chandan Guha, Jerry Malayer, Ashish Ranjan
Analysis of tumor sections by H&E staining revealed prominent multifocal regions of coagulative necrosis in treated tumors compared to untreated control (Figure 3(a)). FUS40-treated tumors exhibited significantly higher levels of perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes within the tumor mass and the presence of CD-45 expressing leukocyte in histology and flow cytometry among all the groups (Figure 3(a–c)). To further characterize the functional status of the infiltrated immune cells, the CD-8+ T-cells were probed for Granzyme B + and PD-1+ expression by flow cytometry. We found that FUS40 promoted an activated Granzyme B + PD-1 CD-8+ T-cells phenotype and these were 2-fold higher than other groups (Figure 3(d)). In contrast, the control, FUS, and CD-40 tumors were primarily composed of PD-1+ Granzyme B- or non-activated PD-1- Granzyme B- phenotypes, indicating that the functional status of CD-8+ T-cells was likely preserved by FUS40 therapy.