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Advances in Haemophilic Hip Joint Arthropathy
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments, 2018
Muhammad Zahid Saeed, Amr Saad, Haroon A. Mann, Nicholas Goddard
Haemophilia is a hereditary X-linked recessive condition affecting males [1–3]. The deficiency or absence of coagulation factor VIII causes haemophilia A, and the deficiency or absence of coagulation factor IX causes haemophilia B. Haemophilia can lead to advanced arthropathy. Haemophilic arthropathy is permanent cartilage and bone destruction occurring in patients with haemophilia as a longstanding effect of repeated haemarthrosis. Haemarthrosis can be spontaneous or result from a minor injury. Approximately 50% of haemophilia sufferers will develop a severe arthropathy [1–5].
Paper 4 Answers
Published in James Day, Amy Thomson, Tamsin McAllister, Nawal Bahal, Get Through, 2014
James Day, Amy Thomson, Tamsin McAllister, Nawal Bahal
Desmopressin (1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, or DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of antidiuretic hormone. DDAVP has procoagulant properties by promoting the release of von Willebrand’s factor from the endothelium, increasing the activity of coagulation factor VIII and increasing the expression of platelet surface glycoprotein receptors to promote platelet adhesion. DDAVP is used therapeutically for its procoagulant effects in the management of haemophilia A (hereditary deficiency of coagulation factor VIII), and shortens bleeding time in patients with coagulopathy due to hepatic failure, uraemia or administration of NSAIDs. However, DDAVP is not used routinely in the management of major haemorrhage due to the occurrence of side effects. These side effects are largely attributable to the antidiuretic effects, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatraemia. DDAVP has little effect on systemic blood pressure; however, it may cause acute coronary syndrome in patients with coronary artery disease.
Platelet function assessed by ROTEM® platelet in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy during cardiac and vascular surgery
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 2022
Anna Schultz-Lebahn, Peter H. Nissen, Troels Fogh Pedersen, Mariann Tang, Anne-Mette Hvas
Hematology profiles were assessed on Sysmex XN9000 systems (Sysmex, Norderstedt, Germany) using blood from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated tubes (BD Vacutainer®, Becton Dickinson Bioscience, San Jose, CA), and included platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, immature platelet count (IPC), and immature platelet fraction (IPF). The coagulation system was assessed with international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time and fibrinogen on Sysmex coagulation system CS-5100 (Sysmex, Hyogo, Japan). Von Willebrand factor (antigen) and coagulation factor VIII (clot) were analyzed employing ACL TOP 550 (Instrumentation Laboratory, Werfen, Munich, Germany) all using 3.2% sodium citrate anticoagulated blood (Vacuette, Greiner Bio-One International, Bad Haller, Austria).
Inflammatory and coagulatory markers and exposure to different size fractions of particle mass, number and surface area air concentrations in the Swedish hard metal industry, in particular to cobalt
Published in Biomarkers, 2021
Lena Andersson, Alexander Hedbrant, Alexander Persson, Ing-Liss Bryngelsson, Bengt Sjögren, Leo Stockfelt, Eva Särndahl, Håkan Westberg
Blood plasma and serum was collected at the end of a work shift and stored on dry ice until they could be transported and stored at −70° C in a biobank. The concentrations of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) were determined with a meso QuickPlex SQ 120 instrument (Mesoscale Diagnostics, Rockville, MD, USA) using their Vplex immunoassays. High-sensitivity CRP, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and blood groups (ABO) were determined at the Clinical Research Centre, Örebro University Hospital, Sweden. Serum Amyloid A (SAA), an acute-phase protein used as a marker for systemic inflammation, in serum was analysed using a commercial ELISA kit from Invitrogen (Massachusetts, United States). The surfactant protein Club Cell protein 16 (CC16) in serum was analysed using a commercial ELISA-kit from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, United States). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity in plasma was analysed using the bio immunoassay Trinilize from Tcoag (Bray, Ireland). The coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) was analysed using a one-stage clotting assay, and the von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf) was determined with immunoturbidimetric, both on the BCS XP analyser from Siemens Healthcare (Marburg, Germany), with reagents from that manufacturer.
Acute portal vein thrombosis in noncirrhotic patients – different prognoses based on presence of inflammatory markers: a long-term multicenter retrospective analysis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2019
Radan Keil, Jana Koželuhová, Jiří Dolina, Aleš Hep, Radek Kroupa, Vladimír Kojecký, Tomáš Krejčí, Jan Havlín, Ivana Hadačová, Jitka Segethová, Petra Koptová, Zdena Zádorová, Jan Matouš, Barbora Frýbová, Petr Chmátal, Martin Wasserbauer, Jan Šťovíček, Melvin Bae, Tolga Guven, Mahmood Zaeem, Štěpán Hlava
The most commonly detected prothrombotic hematologic factor was a higher level of coagulation factor VIII. Values over 150% were considered pathological [3]. Elevation was found in 49 patients (62.8%). Significantly reduced antithrombin III was found in 27 patients (34.6%), and reduced levels of protein C and S were found in 39 (50.0%) and 36 patients (46.2%), respectively. A significantly elevated blood pellet count was found in 17 (21.8%) patients, four of them had essential thrombocytosis with JAK2 mutation positivity. Positivity for JAK2 was completely present in 10 patients (12.8%). Three patients (3.8%) had diagnosed primary myelofibrosis, 4 (5.1%) patients had essential thrombocytosis, and 3 (3.8%) patients had polycythemia vera. Polycythemia vera was diagnosed 4 years after thrombosis in one patient. Twelve patients (15.4%) had APC resistance or a factor V Leiden mutation. Three (9.4%) females (27, 35, and 54 years old) used hormonal contraception or hormonal substitution therapy. The youngest one was JAK2+ and had elevated factor VIII while the other two had no other risk factors. Antiphospholipid syndrome was excluded in all investigated patients. One patient was positive for anti-beta 2GPI antibodies.