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Tobacco Products
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Nancy Houston Miller, Karen Laing
E-cigarette use was introduced in the United States in 2007 with and without regulation. By 2014, there were more than 460 brands and over 7,000 flavors. The original e-cigarette devices delivered much less nicotine than a traditional cigarette. The rate of absorption initially was rapid but slower than cigarette smoke. More recent devices have produced an acceleration of heart rate similar to smoking cigarettes with variable effects on blood pressure (Benowitz & Burbank, 2016). Currently, there are multiple ways to deliver and receive nicotine electronically. These include e-cigarettes, vapes, e-hookahs, vape pens, hookah pens, and mods that are customizable and more powerful vaporizers. Compounds in e-cigarette vapors are largely untested but may cause pulmonary injury and chronic inflammation, increasing cardiovascular disease risk (Benowitz & Burbank, 2016).
Lifestyle and Its Relationship to Pain
Published in Sahar Swidan, Matthew Bennett, Advanced Therapeutics in Pain Medicine, 2020
A good next step is the progression to vaporizer technology that avoids fire and resultant cadmium exposure while maintaining the social structure of the habit. Odor disappears, toxicity of clothing decreases, and possibilities for quitting concomitantly increase. Suggesting using vaporizer technology indoors and all fire and flame outside can be a helpful step, especially for situations where other family members smoke. While vaporizing is not without toxicity, chemical exposures for oneself and one’s contacts are dramatically lower, and for many this step can be very helpful progress.11
Cannabis testing: Taking a closer look
Published in Betty Wedman-St. Louis, Cannabis, 2018
Scott Kuzdzal, Robert Clifford, Paul Winkler, Will Bankert
Vaporizers provide a means of more gently heating the cannabis. Doing so releases more medicinal components of the marijuana and reduces the amount of noxious chemicals. Due to the volatility of cannabinoids, they vaporize at a temperature much lower than the combustion temperature of plant matter. Vaporization usually heats the sample to 150–200°C. This is sufficient to evaporate off the cannabinoids and terpenes but not to combust the sample into more carcinogenic compounds such as benzopyrene. The active compounds aerosolize and are inhaled without the production of smoke.
Differences in those who prefer smoking cannabis to other consumption forms for mental health: what can be learned to promote safer methods of consumption?
Published in Journal of Addictive Diseases, 2023
Lindsay A. Lo, Caroline A. MacCallum, Jade C. Yau, Alasdair M. Barr
In conclusion, smoking cannabis was highly prevalent within this sample of dispensary medical cannabis users. Education can be a key tool for smoking harm-reduction. In those who prefer smoking cannabis, intent and patterns of use may be more similar to recreational users. As such, education on tactics for optimal symptom control (e.g. utilizing CBD) with less harmful methods (e.g. dried flower vaporization) is necessary.11 Information on the benefits of vaporizers should be more widely available. Finally, medical cannabis users should be encouraged to seek continual support from a knowledgeable healthcare provider where education and guidance can be provided. In a sample of authorized medical cannabis users in Canada under the care of a healthcare provider, vaporization was the most popular mode of administration.12 The main reported reason for vaporization use was to reduce negative health consequences associated with smoking. This aligns with what is seen clinically, when education and guidance is provided. The findings from this study may inform harm-reduction approaches to decrease the number of individuals smoking cannabis. This could help mitigate one of the greatest risks associated with cannabis use. Future research should focus on practical harm-reduction strategies that can be applied to this patient population.
Challenges of obtaining accurate adolescent self-report of cannabis use
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2022
Adolescent cannabis use has also increased substantially over the same period. In the US, there has been an estimated 5-fold increase in daily cannabis use by high school students since 1991(when Monitoring the Future [MTF] began surveying 8th and 10th graders in addition to 12th graders) (3,4). While the reasons for the increase are multifactorial, it may be due, in part, to decreasing perceptions of risk, normalization of use, and increased availability of cannabis (5). More adolescents reported frequent cannabis vaping, with double the number of adolescents reporting use ten or more times in the past month in 2019 compared with 2018 in recent samples from MTF (6). Although some vaporizers can be used with dried cannabis, cannabis vaping often repurposes products intended for nicotine delivery, pens, or other devices to administer the psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), often with additional diluents or flavorings. Adolescents who use cannabis by vaping may perceive it as more discreet or healthier (7).
Phytol, not propylene glycol, causes severe pulmonary injury after inhalation dosing in Sprague-Dawley rats
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2021
Daniela Schwotzer, Andrew Gigliotti, Hammad Irshad, Wendy Dye, Jacob McDonald
The vaporization of cannabinoid derived products as a means of inhaled consumption has grown in popularity as an alternative to smoking combustible products (Fadus et al. 2019; Gülşen and Uslu 2020; Peruzzi et al. 2020). A common form of vaporizer design are products that use a cartridge with vaporizing technology that is coupled to a battery. These devices are commonly referred to as vaping pens in the cannabis industry. The cartridge contains the material that is vaporized. For the cannabis industry, the cartridge contains an extract of either a cannabis or hemp plant. That extract can be of varying purity, including purified isolates or distillates of the cannabinoids of interest. Since those extracts can be very viscose, commonly the cannabinoids are formulated with additional agents that help improve the efficiency of delivery during vaporization. These agents are referred to as thinning agents.