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Fenugreek
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Ujjwala Kandekar, Sunil Ramdasi, Prasad Thakurdesai
A transdermal patch is designed to release a controlled dose of a drug through the skin for a prolonged time (Saroha, Yadav, and Sharma 2011). The transdermal patch containing trigonelline (10%)-based standardized fenugreek extract (carbomer-940 and polyethylene glycol) was reported to decrease pain score, post-surgery demand for subcutaneous morphine in comparison to diclofenac dermal patch (1%) in patients of inguinal hernia post-operative pain during a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study (Ansari et al. 2019). Gradual reduction in pain during 6 h and after 24 h of surgery was reported on patients treated with fenugreek patch as measured by a visual analogue scale (the pain sensation in the range of 0 to 10) with reduced side effects of morphine and no allergic side effects (Ansari et al. 2019).
Pharmacology of Male Sexual Function
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Andrei Kozan, Weida Lau, Oliver Kayes
Choice of formulation:IM injections − a cost-effective option. Fluctuations in libido and mood due to large variations in serum T level during the dosing interval.Transdermal patches − a common side effect of skin irritation. Pre-treatment of the application site with 0.1% triamcinolone cream reduces the risk of irritation without reducing T absorption.Transdermal gel − lower incidence of skin irritation than patches but result in variable increases in T levels. Patients should be counselled regarding the possible transfer of the drug to partners or children via direct skin contact.Oral therapies − rarely used because of the need for multiple dosing regimens and fears of hepatotoxicity.
The Integumentary (Dermatologic) System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
For the topical administration of systemically active drugs, other dosage forms are available. Skin patch delivery systems, generally known as transdermal patches, have been designed to deliver drugs directly into the bloodstream through the skin. Examples of drugs administered by this route are estrogen and nitroglycerin. Certain solvents can also be used to enhance dermal absorption of drugs, and some could provide direct administration of many drugs through the skin.
Fabrication of solid lipid nanoparticles-based patches of paroxetine and their ex-vivo permeation behaviour
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2023
Fahad Pervaiz, Ayesha Saba, Haya Yasin, Manal Buabeid, Sobia Noreen, Abida Kalsoom Khan, Ghulam Murtaza
It is recognized that drug delivery through the skin is considered a suitable tool for drug transport in many local and systemic diseases [14]. In the last few years, transdermal delivery of drugs earned great popularity due to bypassing the first-pass effect, avoiding fluctuations in plasma level and improving patient compliance [15]. Transdermal drug delivery systems, commonly referred to as ‘patches’, have many advantages, including controlled release, fewer systemic adverse effects, user-friendliness, painlessness and better patient compliance via a single dosage for multiple days. Transdermal patches transport drugs to the blood through the skin. The main advantage of the transdermal route is the possibility of attaining the steady-state plasma concentration and sustained action of the drug [16].
Acacetin-loaded microemulsion for transdermal delivery: preparation, optimization and evaluation
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Yajing Wang, Qian Chen, Xianfeng Huang, Xiaojing Yan
In the present study, acacetin-loaded ME formulations were successfully developed and evaluated for transdermal delivery. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were employed to depicted the ME regions for the screening of the ME ingredients. The formulations were further employed with a simple lattice experiment design. The optimized formulation FA showed an average particle size of 36 nm. In ex vivo permeation study, FA with 10% DMSO showed significant higher cumulative amounts of acacetin permeated after 4 h application than FA itself. It can be concluded that ME is a potential carrier for the transdermal delivery of acacetin. Further work is required to determine whether ME may ultimately be incorporated into a transdermal patch and take advantage of the favorable delivery rate as well as the lower skin irritation potation.
Long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) approaches: recent advances, emerging technologies, and development challenges
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2022
Vivek Agrahari, Sharon M. Anderson, M. Melissa Peet, Andrew P. Wong, Onkar N. Singh, Gustavo F. Doncel, Meredith R. Clark
Drug delivery using transdermal patches is beneficial to potential users, since these can be painlessly self-applied with no need for specialized disposal [123–125]. CONRAD, in collaboration with Mercer University, developed a silicone-based suspension patch for sustained weekly delivery of TAF free base [123]. The patch was tested in female hairless rats and achieved the target PK profile, duration, and safety for a once-weekly TAF delivery for HIV prevention or treatment [126]. Eliminating the need for wearing a patch for a prolonged period of time and to provide a LA drug delivery, the recently developed microarray patches (MAP) are minimally invasive devices that are applied and removed minutes later, consisting of microscopic projections to penetrate the skin’s upper layers or mucosal tissues to administer the drug [125,127,128]. Donnelly et al. in collaboration with PATH, developed a dissolving MAP containing LA nanosuspension of RPV [129]. Most recently, they have also developed a bilayer MAP loaded with CAB [130] and a dissolvable and implantable MAP loaded with TAF [131] for long-term HIV PrEP (Figure 3c). CONRAD in partnership with the University of Connecticut is further developing this technology for the delivery of bnAbs (manuscript submitted).