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Osteoarthritis
Published in Nicole M. Farmer, Andres Victor Ardisson Korat, Cooking for Health and Disease Prevention, 2022
The traditional use of ginger includes processing and heating. When ginger is dried, gingerol undergoes a dehydration reaction to form shogaols. And heating of the chemical components related to ginger’s inflammatory actions is relatively preserved during processing and heating. During heating, gingerol is transformed into the component zingerone which is less pungent and provides a spicy sweet aroma. This transformation may account for the reduced amount of gingerol with heating. One study of preparation temperatures for ginger found that gingerol reduced with a 3-hour exposure to 125°C but shogaols increased (Ho and Su, 2016).
Medicinal Properties of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Pulok K. Mukherjee, Natural Medicines, 2019
The characteristic pungent flavour of ginger is attributed to certain non-volatile phenylpropanoid derived compounds, gingerols and shogaols. Zingerone is formed from gingerols, has a less pungent flavour and can be detected when ginger is cooked. Ginger contains up to 3% of an essential oil that is responsible for the fragrance of the spice. The main constituents are sesquiterpenoids with (-)-zingiberene as the main component. Other components include β-sesquiphellandrene bisabolene and farnesene, which are also sesquiterpenoids, β-sesquiphellandrene, cineol and citral (O’Hara et al. 1998). The major pungent principle of ginger – identified as 6-gingerol (1-[4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-decanone) – has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour promoting function (Surh et al. 1998; Bode et al. 2001; Jagtap et al. 2009). Ginger oil has been associated with the prevention of skin cancer in mice and gingerols with the destruction of ovarian cancer cells (Singh et al. 2011).
Functional Foods
Published in Datta Sourya, Debasis Bagchi, Extreme and Rare Sports, 2019
Kamesh Venkatakrishnan, Chin-Kun Wang
Zingiber officinale is a flowering plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. Its rhizome or root is called ginger. Ginger is a popular spice and used commonly in food to give flavor (due to volatile oil) with various biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, anti-microbial, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic, hence it is used as a dietary supplement. Zingerone and gingerols are the two major active components of ginger (Srinivasan, 2017). Furthermore, ginger is shown to display both analgesics (pain killer-inhibit prostaglandins synthesis) and ergogenic properties owing to its bronchodilatory and gastroprotective properties, along with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (inhibit COX and iNOS expression) and anti-emetic activities; hence it is effective against exercise-induced fatigue and pain (Anosike et al., 2009; Wilson, 2015; Wilson et al., 2015). Zehsaz and his colleagues (2014) concluded that consumption of dried ginger powder by runners would significantly suppress the pro-inflammatory markers and thus indirectly lower the pain in their randomized, double-blind, parallel trial. Nevertheless, there was no significant evidence to showcase the direct ergogenic property of ginger.
Zingerone suppresses proliferation, invasion, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by the inhibition of MTDH-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway
Published in Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction, 2022
Jian Fang, Huifen Zhu, Pengcheng Xu, Renya Jiang
Chinese herbal medicine and its active ingredients have many advantages over chemical drugs in the prevention and treatment of tumors without any toxic side effects [3]. Nowadays, the acceptance of Chinese medicine in the world is gradually increasing, and the extraction of substances with unique biological activity in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by modern means is of great importance for the development of antitumor drugs [4,5]. Zingerone is extracted from the rhizome of the perennial herb ginger, which has the pharmacological effects of antitumor [6], anti-inflammatory [7], antiplatelet aggregation [8], and antioxidant [9]. Recently, zingerone treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and inducing cancer cell apoptosis [10]. Moreover, John et al. [11] found that zingerone exhibited an antitumor effect on cancer by regulating the carcinogenesis process-related gene expression. Importantly, treatment with zingerone was conducive to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells [12,13]. However, these previous studies did not reveal the mechanisms and targets of the anti-tumor effects of zingerone on HCC.
Modulatory effect of zingerone against STZ-nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetes mellitus in rats
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021
Tarique Anwer, Zafar Ali Alkarbi, Ali Hassan Najmi, Saeed Alshahrani, Rahimullah Siddiqui, Gyas Khan, Mohammad Firoz Alam
Zingerone is an active constituent found in Zingiber officinale rhizome belong to family Zingiberaceae. Previous studies have reported that zingerone has varied range of pharmacological potentials including anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties (Vinothkumar et al.2014, Hemalatha and Prince 2015, Cui et al.2018). A recent study has reported nephroprotective potential of zingerone against renal toxicity produced by CCl4 in an animal model (Safhi 2018). We have recently published that vanillyl acetone (chemical name of zingerone) suppresses inflammatory cytokines and cellular oxidative markers against chemically induced hepatotoxicity (Alam et al.2018). The strong antioxidant activity of zingerone has thus inspired us to design the present research and to explore whether zingerone supplementation modulates hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin level, oxidative biochemical markers and histological changes in β-cells of type-2 diabetic rats.
Zingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)butan-2-one) ameliorates renal function via controlling oxidative burst and inflammation in experimental diabetic nephropathy
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019
Muneeb U. Rehman, Shahzada Mudasir Rashid, Saiema Rasool, Sheeba Shakeel, Bilal Ahmad, Sheikh Bilal Ahmad, Hassan Madkhali, Majid Ahmad Ganaie, Sabiya Majid, Showkat Ahmad Bhat
Several natural antioxidants, plant extracts, herbs, seeds, oils, etc. tested in different experimental models of DN have shown promising results (Meng et al.2013, Soetikno et al.2013, Sani et al.2014, Al-Qattan et al.2016, Li et al.2016). Zingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)butan-2-one) is a naturally occurring compound present mostly in dry ginger. It is a very powerful antioxidant and is reported to be more potent than ascorbic acid. It is a polyphenolic alkanone commonly known as vanillyl acetone. This phyto-compound has strong pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties, anti-ageing. Other effects include hepato-protective, immune-stimulating, etc. (Kabuto et al.2005, Kabuto and Yamanushi 2011, Emmanuel et al.2013, Mc-Neill and Hogg 2014, Ahmad et al.2015, Hemalatha et al.2015).