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Improved Production and Postharvest Technologies in Ashwagandha (Indian Ginseng)
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Withaferin A shows anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities. Anti-stress agents present in Ashwagandha are Acylsteryl glucosides and sitoindosides. The active principles present in Ashwagandha viz., Withaferin-A, and sitoindo side show eloquent results against acute models on stress (Bhattacharaya et al., 1987). Many of its chemical constituent’s support immunoregulatory actions (Ghosal et al., 1989).
Swertia chirata (Chirata) and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Suchita V. Jadhav, Pankaj S. Mundada, Mahendra L. Ahire, Devashree N. Patil, Swati T. Gurme
The present chapter highlights the potential benefits and traditional knowledge of two medicinally important plants Swertia chirata (chirata) and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), respectively. The potential herbal therapy of S. chirata, with no serious side effects,has generated increased demand for the plant at both the national and international levels. The promising results against various illness like malaria, asthma, kidney, liver, neurological disorder, skin diseases, cough, cancer, and Covid-19 treatment prove its wide usability. Despite these good aspects, over-exploitation and habitat destruction of S. chirata have turned the focus of researchers toward studying methods of conservation and micropropagation and utilizing more biotechnological interventions and commercial production of S. chirata. Similarly, the chapter focused on a second medicinal plant, W.somnifera. Withaferin A and Ashwagandhanolide are major compounds found in it, which are responsible for antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. In India,the plant is useful to treat male sex-related problems. A number of different activities have been reported for the extracts and fractions of withanolides, which make it a prominent memberin advanced drug formulation. Regarding W. somnifera,extensive research work has been done, but more study with reference to the isolation of bioactive compounds on a large scale, synthesis of active compounds,its pharmacological activities with mode of action of the drug, are needed.
Antioxidant Phytochemicals and Alzheimer’s Disease
Published in Atanu Bhattacharjee, Akula Ramakrishna, Magisetty Obulesu, Phytomedicine and Alzheimer’s Disease, 2020
Saikat Sen, Raja Chakraborty, Atanu Bhattacharjee
Different phytochemicals from Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) roots have been considered to be potential leads for future drug molecules active against AD and dementia. An in-vitro study reported that withanolide A, withanoside IV, and withanoside VI caused neurite outgrowth when tested on rat cortical neurons and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Phytomolecules also caused axonal regeneration and synaptic reconstruction activity, and improved memory. Withaferin A may cause translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus and is considered a key molecule for management of AD and dementia, as it can repair damaged neuronal networks (Kuboyama et al., 2014; Farooqui et al., 2018).
Formulation, biopharmaceutical evaluation and in-vitro screening of polyherbal phytosomes for breast cancer therapy
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Lalitha K. Govindaram, Mohammed Al Bratty, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Ruckmani Kandasamy, Neelaveni Thangavel, Angum M. Ibrahim, Gover Antoniraj Mariya, Ponnuchamy Kumar
The rhizomes of C. longa and flowers of M. chamomilla (German chamomile) obtained from the Jazan market and roots of W. somnifera collected from Abha hills, widely used for therapeutic purposes, were identified, and authenticated by Dr. Remesh Moochikkal, Curator of the Herbarium JAZUH. Previous reports suggest that there are possibilities of adulteration of herbal drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to employ a suitable analytical technique for the rapid quality control of herbal drugs [31–34]. Curcumin, the natural phenol is a diarylheptanoid that is responsible for the yellow color of C. longa. M. chamomilla chiefly contains various phenolic bio-active compounds like flavonoid and flavonoid glycosides. The roots and leaves of W. somnifera consist of 35 chemical phytoconstituents [35,36]. Among that withaferin A is found to have anti-cancer activity. The content of each biomarker such as curcumin, apigenin, and withaferin A either in extract or individual phytosome or combined phytosome was quantified by the HPTLC.
Pharmaceutical agents for treatment of leishmaniasis: a patent landscape
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2020
Yasmim Maria Barbosa Gomes de Carvalho, Saravanan Shanmugam, Mayrton Santos Batista, Mairim Russo Serafini, Adriano Antunes De Souza Araújo, Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
In this patent the applicants developed a product with the withaferin-A as both antileishmanial and immunomodulatory compound against experimental visceral leishmaniasis in susceptible BALB/c mice model. The obtained results determine that withaferin-A at a concentration of 2 mg/kg and the composition comprises about 2 mg/kg b.wt withaferin-A and about 2.5 mg/kg b.wt miltefosine was (**p < 0.01) significantly decreased the parasite burden in spleen and in liver (***p < 0.001) respectively without causing any adverse effect. In addition, the compound was able to downregulate the expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) cytokine and increasing the interferon-gamma (IFN-y)/IL-10 expression ratio compared to untreated mice. This clearly shows the effectiveness of withaferin-A against visceral leishmaniasis [26].
Bioactive metabolites from the leaves of Withania adpressa
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Widad Ben Bakrim, Laila El Bouzidi, Jean-Marc Nuzillard, Sylvian Cretton, Noémie Saraux, Aymeric Monteillier, Philippe Christen, Muriel Cuendet, Khalid Bekkouche
MM remains an incurable malignancy, with a median survival of only 5 years, despite all the treatment advances (Fonseca et al. 2017). The presence of CSCs in MM is considered to contribute to disease relapse through their drug-resistant nature. Targeting MM-CSCs is therefore a promising strategy for MM treatment. The effect of pure compounds on cell growth in MM-CSCs and RPMI 8226 cells was investigated using MTT and XTT assays (Table 3). Withaferin A (2) exhibited the strongest activity with IC50 values of 0.33 and 0.17 µM in MM-CSCs and RPMI 8226 cells, respectively. Similar results were reported for withaferin A in a previous study (Issa and Cuendet 2017).