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Antiasthma Agents during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Triamcinolone is a synthesized fluorinated corticosteroid administered orally, parenterally, topically, or by oral inhalation used to treat asthma. No birth defects were reported among 27 infants exposed to triamcinolone during organogenesis (Howley et al., 2020). In the Swedish Birth Defects Registry, 82 infants were exposed to triamcinolone during embryogenesis, and there were two severe malformations (cleft palate, branchial fistula), or approximately 2.4 percent for major congenital anomalies, and 3.7 percent for all birth defects (Kallen, 2019).
Triamcinolone
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
General aspects of corticosteroids used on the skin and mucous membranes are discussed in Chapter 2.4. A practical guideline for diagnosing allergic reactions to corticosteroids is presented in ref. 1. Triamcinolone base (alcohol) is used in tablets only. In other applications, esters are used: triamcinolone acetonide (Chapter 3.353), triamcinolone diacetate (Chapter 3.354) or triamcinolone hexacetonide (Chapter 3.355). In topical preparations, triamcinolone acetonide is (virtually) always used. As triamcinolone base is used in oral preparations only, most positive patch test reactions to this corticosteroid must have been the result of sensitization to one of its esters or of cross-sensitization to another corticosteroid.
Dermal manifestations of diabetes
Published in Robert A. Norman, Geriatric Dermatology, 2020
The time required to see improvement varies from 3 to 4 years and spontaneous resolution is noted in one case in five9. The mainstay of treatment is tight diabetic control. Additionally topical and/or injected corticosteroids are indicated. Intralesional injection of 0.1 ml triamcinolone 2.5–10 mg/ml every 2–4 weeks has been found to be effective in severe cases7. Some have found aspirin in combination with dipyridamole, which modifies platelet aggregation, to be effective10,11, while pentoxifylline has been found to be effective in others12. Probably the most effective treatment involves the use of a five-week course of systemic steroids. In one study six patients, four of whom were diabetic, had complete resolution. Metabolic control of their diabetes was achieved using oral hypoglycemics or insulin13.
Vitreous Humor: Composition, Characteristics and Implication on Intravitreal Drug Delivery
Published in Current Eye Research, 2023
Deepakkumar Mishra, Shilpkala Gade, Katie Glover, Ravi Sheshala, Thakur Raghu Raj Singh
Uveitis, an anti-inflammatory disease of the uvea, the layers of the eye underneath the sclera (ciliary body, iris, and choroid), requires the long-term intravitreal injection of anti-inflammatory agents. Triamcinolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties and injected through intravitreal injections to patients unresponsive to topical treatment. A suspension is available in two strengths 40 mg/ml (Kenalog®, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company) and 80 mg/ml (Trivaris®, Allergan).7 Trivaris® is an 80 mg/ml triamcinolone acetonide suspension for intravitreal injection for the treatment of uveitis. Whereas Kenalog® is an injectable TA suspension for intramuscular and intra-articular injection for the ocular diseases sympathetic ophthalmia, temporal arteritis and uveitis. Ocriplasmin (JETREA®, Inceptua) a recombinant form of human plasmin approved in the year 2012 for the intravitreal treatment of vitreomacular adhesion. However, the use of Ocriplasmin has been discontinued due to the observed adverse side effects such as vitreous floaters, eye pain post injection and photopsia.
Comparison of Modified Posterior Sub-Tenon’s vs. Trans-Septal Triamcinolone Injection for Non-infectious Uveitis
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2021
K. Matthew McKay, Durga S. Borkar, Duriye Damla Sevgi, Gayatri Susarla, George N. Papaliodis, Lucia Sobrin
There are some important differences between our study and the previous studies comparing anterior sub-Tenon’s injection to posterior peribulbar injections. In the two previous studies, the indication for the injections was different – diabetic macular edema exclusively for one study16 and a variety of retinal diseases in the other,17 with the predominance of choroidal and retinal vascular diseases. The type of posterior injection given was different in our study – in one study the posterior injection was a posterior superotemporal sub-Tenon’s injection and in the other study it was an operating room procedure with injection of triamcinolone inferotemporally with a cannula. The doses of the triamcinolone with each type of injection (anterior vs posterior) were the same as in the current study.
Drug delivery in cochlear implantation
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Anandhan Dhanasingh, Ingeborg Hochmair
Electrode impedance field telemetry (IFT) was obtained at different time points after implantation, using MED-EL’s standard telemetry system to perform measurements on all twelve electrode channels in both groups. Outcomes of a previous study that included five patients treated with triamcinolone of concentration 4 mg/ml (low dose) were compared to the outcomes of this study. It was reported that no perioperative adverse events were seen in any of the patients with the surgeries performed by three experienced CI surgeons. Handling of the IEC was described as easy, with the overall procedure of IEC application not extending the surgery times significantly. The course of the impedances over time is depicted in Figure 37(C). Similar impedance values were seen in all three groups on the day of surgery. The average impedance increased on day three until the first fitting (FF). After initial activation, impedance values decreased immediately (FF-el). At the third month post-surgery, impedances had further decreased slightly and afterwards, up to the twelfth month, impedances stayed relatively stable in the control group. Patients of the low-dose triamcinolone group showed slightly lower impedances at initial activation before and after electric stimulation, compared to controls. This effect was completely missing during the third month’s appointment. From thereon, the course of mean impedance values stayed very similar to the control group.