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Anesthesia and Analgesia for Donkeys, Mules and Foals
Published in Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed, Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
Tomas Williams, Michele Barletta
In miniature donkeys the use of tiletamine/zolazepam (Telazol) at 1 mg/kg IV is recommended for induction after sedation, since they metabolize ketamine faster than horses. Alternatively, propofol 2 mg/kg IV can be used for induction followed by 0.2 mg/kg/minute for maintenance. Use an endotracheal tube and oxygen supplementation since apnea can occur.
Surgical Facilities, Peri-Operative Care, Anesthesia, and Surgical Techniques
Published in Yuehuei H. An, Richard J. Friedman, Animal Models in Orthopaedic Research, 2020
Alison C. Smith, M. Michael Swindle
Dissociative agents include ketamine and the combination agent tiletamine-zolazepam (Tela-zol).20 These agents may be used to induce animals into a state of dissociative anesthesia causing them to be unaware of their surroundings but with only mild analgesia. Animals will not have muscle relaxation and will have mild clonic/tonic types of muscular activity. These agents are extremely useful for chemical restraint of approximately 20 min. in most species. They may be used as part of a general anesthesia protocol when combined with other agents. Their use as general anesthetics is discussed under injectable agents. Ketamine causes a transient tachycardia with minimal hemodynamic effects. The cardiovascular effects of Telazol may be more pronounced in some species.11-16
Anesthesia of Laboratory Rats
Published in Yanlin Wang-Fischer, Manual of Stroke Models in Rats, 2008
Yanlin Wang-Fischer, Lee Koetzner
Tiletamine, a dissociative anesthetic similar to ketamine, when used alone does not produce even light anesthesia. It is marketed commercially in combination with the benzodiazepine tranquilizer zolezapam (Telazol). This combination produces a light-to-medium plane of anesthesia. With this combination, the corneal, pedal, and swallowing reflexes remain intact, such that these commonly used anesthetic parameters are not reliable for judging the depth of Telazol anesthesia. The neuro-protective effect is similar to that of ketamine.
A Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Recombinant Topical Thrombin (RECOTHROM®) With A Gelatin Sponge Carrier Versus Topical Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose (TABOTAMP®/SURGICEL®) In A Porcine Liver Bleeding Model
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Paul Slezak, Claudia Keibl, Dirk Labahn, Anna Schmidbauer, Yuri Genyk, Heinz Gulle
Two treatment arms were investigated. The rT (active treatment) used was RECOTHROM®; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA, with a gelatin sponge carrier (SPONGOSTAN™; Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany). The ORC (passive treatment) used was TABOTAMP® Original/SURGICEL® Original; Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany. Treatments were tested in 8 male pigs weighing approximately 35 kg, with a target of 15 applications per animal. Premedication and anesthesia were performed as previously described.21 Briefly, animals were premedicated with a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam intramuscularly, followed by inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane. Upon completion of the experiment, animals were humanely euthanized under deep anesthesia with a lethal intravenous dose of thiopental sodium and embutramide/mebezonium iodine/tetracaine hydrochloride.
Noninvasive thyroid histotripsy treatment: proof of concept study in a porcine model
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2021
John F. Swietlik, Scott C. Mauch, Emily A. Knott, Annie Zlevor, Katherine C. Longo, Xiaofei Zhang, Zhen Xu, Paul F. Laeseke, Fred T. Lee, Timothy J. Ziemlewicz
Animals were sedated with an intramuscular injection of tiletamine and zolazepam (Telazol; Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI), atropine (Phoenix Pharmaceutical, St. Joseph, MO), and xylazine (AnaSed, Shenandoah, IA). An intravenous catheter was placed in an auricular vein for administration of intravenous fluids and MRI contrast. Animals were positioned supine on a surgical table, intubated, and maintained under general anesthesia with inhaled isoflurane gas (1.5–2.5%, Halocarbon Laboratories, River Edge, NJ). Following completion of the MRI, animals were euthanized with an intravenous injection of phenobarbital sodium and phenytoin sodium (Beuthanasia-D; Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ). A focused necropsy was then performed with removal of the anterior neck by a certified veterinary technician and radiologist.
MiR-125b blocks Bax/Cytochrome C/Caspase-3 apoptotic signaling pathway in rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting p53
Published in Neurological Research, 2018
Yun-Liang Xie, Bo Zhang, Ling Jing
Rats were anesthetized with an i.p. injection of an anesthesia cocktail consisting of tiletamine plus xylazine, which were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), and the rats showed an absence of the corneal and hind-paw withdrawal reflex, indicating the depth of anesthesia [18], and then the CIR induction was performed in 120 rats by following the standardized method in a study of 2014 [19] originally reported and modified by Awooda et al. [20]. Briefly, when rat was in supine position, its neck was incised in the middle ventral site to expose the left carotid artery. Then, the left carotid artery was isolated from the vagus nerve and clamped via small vascular clips to induce hypotension for 1-h occlusion, thereby constructing a cerebral animal model. With another 24-h reperfusion, the neurological score was measured as follows: grade 0, no neurologic deficit; grade 1, failure to extend left forepaw fully; grade 2, circling to the left; grade 3, falling to the left; grade 4, unable to walk spontaneously [21].