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Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Dandelion in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Dandelion is a perennial herb with long roots and green rose-like arranged leaves. Persians were the first to recognize dandelion that was named as tarasque, around 900 A.D.18 Almost 100 years later, the name was changed into Taraxacum. The most common dandelion is Taraxacum officinale (TO).19 Normally, dandelion is characterized with around 20-cm long leaf, yellow, orange, or white color flower and stems or leaves with white milky latex.8
Nutraceutical Intervention for Treatment of Alcoholism and Drinking Problems
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) belongs to the family Asteraceae and is a herbaceous perennial plant that possesses various medicinal and culinary uses. Dandelion has been used as a therapy for anemia, blood purification, and immunomodulation. The folk medicines of China, India, and Russia have recognized dandelion’s effect as a liver tonic. It is used conventionally for liver-related complications that justify its use in liquor drawing symptoms.
Anti-Obesity Potential of Indian Traditional Medicinal Plants and Their Phytochemicals
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Medicinal Plants, 2018
Vellingiri Vadivel, Pichai Venkatalakshmi, Pemaiah Brindha
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Asteraceae that has been used as a phytomedicine due to its choleretic, antirhemetic, diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties (Zhank et al. 2008). Extracts from this plant have shown hypolipidemic effects and an inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase, decreasing the area under curve for the postprandial triglyceride response curve (Zhank et al. 2008).
Stress memory in two generations of Plantago major from radioactive and chemical contaminated areas after the cessation of exposure
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2023
Nadezhda S. Shimalina, Vera N. Pozolotina, Natalya A. Orekhova
The F1 generation of the P. major from the zone of chemical contamination was characterized by a reduced survival rate compared to samples from the EURT zone and background ones, which confirms the results we obtained earlier (Shimalina et al. 2017). It can be assumed that the direct toxic effects of HM during seed formation are responsible for these changes. After the removal of anthropogenic stress in F2 and F3 generations, the differences in this index were leveled, i.e. the long-term effect of ‘stress memory’ in the succession of generations was not maintained. A similar result was observed in Taraxacum officinale when assessing the effects of prolonged exposure to HM; the viability of the generation formed in the contaminated area was reduced, but the quality of next-generation seeds grown in a clean environment was high (Pozolotina, Antonova, et al. 2012).
Taraxasterol protects hippocampal neurons from oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury through activation of Nrf2 signalling pathway
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2020
Taraxasterol, a pentacyclic-triterpene isolated from Taraxacum officinale, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects [7–10]. Taraxasterol suppresses the production of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increases the glutathione (GSH) level and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in ethanol-induced mice, implying that taraxasterol possesses protective effects against ethanol-induced liver injury though its anti-oxidative activity [9]. Taraxasterol inhibits cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation by inhibiting ROS production and ROS-mediated recruitment of TLR4 into lipid rafts [11]. Taraxasterol protects C6 glial cells from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation, as proved by the decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [8]. However, the role of taraxasterol in cerebral I/R injury has not been fully evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of taraxasterol on cerebral I/R injury and explore the underlying potential mechanism.
Natural products for the management of the hepatitis C virus: a biochemical review
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020
Walid Hamdy El-Tantawy, Abeer Temraz
Taraxacum officinale, commonly known as dandelion, is a perennial weed of the Asteracaea family, that is thought to have originated in central Asia but now grows almost anywhere in the world today. Traditional medicine, particularly Traditional Chinese Medicine, has encouraged the use of dandelion extracts to treat various diseases (Yarnell and Abascal 2009). The anti-viral activity of a methanol extract of T. officinale leaves was evaluated using hepatoma cells transfected with the pCR3.1/Flagtag/HCV NS5B vector (genotype 1a). Because NS5B polymerase is a potential therapeutic drug target, 12 phytochemicals of T. officinale were selected as ligands for molecular interaction with the NS5B protein using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Sofosbuvir (brand name Sovaldi) is currently approved as a new anti-HCV drug, and was used as the standard in this study for comparative analysis during screening in computational docking. As its name indicates, the HCV NS5B polymerase plays a key role in viral genome replication. Therefore, NS5B gene has been targeted to determine the antiviral effects of T. officinale extract which inhibited 65% of NS5B expression at nontoxic dose concentration of (200 mg/ml) using real-time PCR. In addition, the leaf extract inhibited 57% of HCV replication in Huh-7 cells treated with a high titre serum from HCV-infected patients. Phytochemicals such as D-glucopyranoside (31.212 kcal/mol), quercetin (29.222 kcal/mol) and luteolin (26.941 kcal/mol) have displayed lower binding energies than the standard drug sofosbuvir (21.0746 kcal/mol). Based on the results of this study, the extract of T. officinale leaves potentially blocked viral replication and NS5B gene expression without exerting any toxic effect on normal fibroblast cells in the body (Rehman et al.2016).