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Medicines in neonates
Published in Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara, Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara
Recent studies have shown that natural preparations are superior to synthetic ones [19] (see above). New generation synthetic surfactants are being developed, but there is a paucity of clinical trials. Timing, size and frequency of dosing together with mode of administration differ according to clinical opinion and depending on which surfactant preparation is used (Table 1).
Improved Silymarin Characteristics for Clinical Applications by Novel Drug Delivery Systems
Published in Madhu Gupta, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Vikas Sharma, Nagendra Singh Chauhan, Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents, 2020
Maryam Tabarzad, Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorbeh, Tahereh Hosseinabadi
Microemulsions, as dispersed drug delivery systems composed of liquid mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, can provide benefits such as enhanced drug solubility, high stability, ease of manufacturing, and improvement of percutaneous penetration of drugs. The enhancing effect of microemulsions is contributed to oil and/or surfactant phases (Kreilgaard, 2002). Interaction of oil phase like oleic acid with the stratum corneum lipids leads to an increase in their fluidity and drug mobility (Barry, 1987). Surfactants enhance dermal and transdermal drug delivery by penetration into the skin and either enhancing the partition coefficient of the drug between formulation medium and skin or by disrupting the stratum corneum lipids, which encourages drug solubility in the skin (Kreilgaard, 2002).
Surfactants in Cosmetic Products
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Ricardo Pedro, Kenneth A. Walters
As mentioned before, surfactants are substances that modify surface and interfacial tensions, resulting in a number of other properties and applications. Their ability to aggregate and interact with other formulation ingredients results in complementary important properties.
Investigating the self-assembling of nicotinic hydrazide-based amphiphile into nano-range vesicles and its amphotericin B loading applications
Published in Drug Delivery, 2023
Kashif Hussain, Abdul Jabbar, Khwaja Ali Hasan, Muneeb Ali, Zaheer Ul-Haq, Muhammad Raza Shah, Saeed Ahmad Khan, Md Abdur Rashid, Mohsin Kazi, Muhammad Naseer Abbas
The nonionic surfactants have got the great attention of pharmaceutical scientists in recent years due to their greater biocompatible nature. Nonionic surfactants form closed bilayer vesicles or micellar structures upon their contact with an aqueous environment. Due to their remarkable capacity and properties such as biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and stability, these vesicles are regarded as excellent carrier for the delivery of drugs. Two newly synthesized nicotinic hydrazine-based nonionic surfactants have been screened out here for CMC, biocompatibility, and their potential for drug encapsulation and release was evaluated. Both the synthesized nonionic surfactants NODNH-16 and NODNH-18 have a great ability to entrap the greater amount of model hydrophobic drug amphotericin B. Drug-loaded vesicles of the synthesized surfactants were of small size with less polydispersity index value. From the results, it can be concluded that both newly synthesized nonionic surfactants are promising candidates to be used for vesicular drug delivery of less water-soluble drugs like Amphotericin B and showed a significant potential for fungicidal activity.
Exploring the use of niosomes in cosmetics for efficient dermal drug delivery
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2023
Rana Abu-Huwaij, Adian Alkarawi, Dima Salman, Furqan Alkarawi
While niosomes offer many advantages for drug delivery, there are also some limitations that need to be considered including batch-to-batch variability, instability under certain conditions, and potential toxicity associated with the use of certain surfactants. The preparation of niosomes can be complex and the quality of the niosomes can be affected by various factors such as the type and concentration of surfactants used, temperature, and pH (Alhassan et al. 2017). The size of niosomes can be variable which can affect their stability and drug entrapment efficiency (Ali et al. 2017). In addition, encapsulation efficiency of drugs in niosomes can be reduced compared to liposomes, due to the presence of non-ionic surfactants in the bilayer (Alqahtani 2017), and the solubility of drugs in niosomes is limited and some drugs may not be suitable for niosomal drug delivery (Ali et al. 2017). Moreover, in vitro-in vivo discrepancy can be obvious that need further research to fully understand their behavior in vivo (Alqahtani 2017). Furthermore, the type and concentration of surfactants used in niosome preparation, as well as the type and dose of the drug being delivered, can affect the toxicity of niosomes. Some surfactants have been shown to have toxic effects, particularly when used at high concentrations. Additionally, the encapsulation of drugs in niosomes can alter their pharmacokinetics and increase their toxicity (Zarei et al. 2020).
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems: a novel approach to deliver drugs
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Surfactants lower the interfacial tension by forming an interfacial film, allowing for dispersion. During SEDDS formulation, the HLB value must be kept in mind. A surfactant with an HLB value greater than 12 is chosen to achieve better emulsification. It helps to disseminate the intended formulation quickly by forming small oil-in-water (o/w) droplets. Nonionic surfactants are commonly used in the formulation of SEDDS due to their nontoxic nature, despite the fact that they may produce a modest irreversible change in the permeability of the GIT wall. In GIT, a formulation of surface-active compounds that is 30–60% w/w results in improved self-emulsification. Surfactants in high amounts might irritate the wall of the GI tract (Gershanik & Benita, 1996; Matsaridou et al., 2012; Gurram et al., 2015).