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Detection Assays and Techniques Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Shahzad Sharif, Maham Saeed, Javed Hussain Shah, Sajjad Hussain, Ahmad Adnan, Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz
Further analyzing strategies are elaborated as the techniques involved in characterization or structure elucidation like EM, XRD, and AFM that exhibit a full range of techniques that can be strongly employed to detect drug discovery, analysis, and ultimate results for ensuring public health and welfare. The use of advanced technology for scientific development, for example, the improvement of Corona detection bio-sensors, there should be a strong contribution in shaping a new era utilizing the best technical tools for future utilizations. Hence, differences must be highlighted with similarities among the different viral RNA infections and the COVID-19 disease. This will serve the understanding between the present technology and that which will sensitize and characterize the SARS-CoV2 virus [14].
Marine Natural Products for Human Health Care
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Health Benefits of Secondary Phytocompounds from Plant and Marine Sources, 2021
If the chemical property of the active compound is not known, then the process of isolation becomes complicated making it impossible to design the isolation procedure for a compound in many cases. Besides, the reactive functional groups of the active principles can readily undergo reaction. The combination of classical techniques (such as thin-layer chromatography, HPLC, Column chromatography, etc.) will help in the partial purification and identification of the active components. Analysis of samples by UV-visible spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) often enables the unambiguous structural elucidation of pure compounds.
Essential Oils and Volatiles in Bryophytes
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Agnieszka Ludwiczuk, Yoshinori Asakawa
It is, however, necessary to mention that a very small fraction of bryophytes has been tested for their pharmacological efficacy. Although the exact mode of action of some of described bioactive compounds remains unknown, bryophytes could serve as an attractive candidate for therapeutic properties. Further work on isolation, characterization, structural elucidation, pharmacological evaluation, determination of mode of action, and clinical trial of these active principles could open an exciting aspect of future drug-development programs.
Nanocarrier-based co-delivery approaches of chemotherapeutics with natural P-glycoprotein inhibitors in the improvement of multidrug resistance cancer therapy
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2022
Shadab Md, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Priyanka Sharma, Mohammad Shahnawaze Ansari, Bapi Gorain
Although the P-gp-based research has progressed, there are several challenges yet to be solved. The in vivo activity of the P-gp inhibitors should be expected specifically to the P-gp targeting; however, literature suggested the involvement of other targets as well. These P-gp inhibitors are simultaneously interfering with activities related to bacterial efflux pump, ABC transporters, inhibiting tyrosine kinases, calcium channels, and modulating functions of various other receptors, such as endothelial growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and matrix metalloproteinases. Therefore, structural elucidation should be made prior to the biological activity to establish the selectivity of the P-gp inhibitors from natural sources. Concurrently, administration with a chemotherapeutic agent is supposed to provide a synergistic effect. Although not much clinical evidence is available on such findings, it is expected to progress on the right track to obtain a better combination to reverse the incidences of MDR cases and ultimately increase their life expectancy and quality of life.
Employing in vitro metabolism to guide design of F-labelled PET probes of novel α-synuclein binding bifunctional compounds
Published in Xenobiotica, 2021
Chukwunonso K. Nwabufo, Omozojie P. Aigbogun, Kevin J.H Allen, Madeline N. Owens, Jeremy S. Lee, Christopher P. Phenix, Ed S. Krol
Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is an important analytical platform for the separation, detection, identification, and structural elucidation of metabolites. The identification and structural elucidation of metabolites using LC-MS is achieved through accurate mass measurement and tandem mass spectrometry. Therefore, it is essential to develop an LC method as well as a mass spectrometric method for new chemical entities in preparation for future preclinical studies. Recently, we established a tandem mass spectrometric fingerprint for C8-6-C8, C8-6-I, and C8-6-N for future development of qualitative and quantitative methods and these results can be used to inform identification of metabolites (Nwabufo et al. 2019).
Boswellic acids: privileged structures to develop lead compounds for anticancer drug discovery
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2021
Hidayat Hussain, Iftikhar Ali, Daijie Wang, Faruck L. Hakkim, Bernhard Westermann, Luay Rashan, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Ivan R. Green
Structure elucidation of organic compounds in the last two decades has become dramatically easier because of the establishment of more advanced techniques viz., NMR, mass spectrometry (MS), and X-ray crystallography. On the other hand, in the earlier mid-nineteenth century, it was very hard to elucidate the structure of unknown compounds. One of the methods employed to elucidate the structures of unknown triterpenes is to compare its spectral and other properties with known triterpenes. Therefore, Ruzicka and Wirz [45,46] performed experiments in order to correlate BAs with their basic cores. Based on the chemical conversions of BAs, they indicated that ß-boswellic acid and α-boswellic acid are derived from α-amyrine (an ursane type pentacyclic triterpene) and ß-amyrine (an oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene) respectively. Additionally, at that time Ruzicka was also involved between 1921 and 1953 in the development of the isoprene rule [47] and based on this tremendous work he and Butenandt were awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1939.