China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Anti-Proliferative Properties of Various South African Buddleja Species
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
All the isolated compounds from this plant have some form of anti-proliferative activity; α-spinasterol induces apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3) through an increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax and p53. It was reported to arrest the cell cycle (G0–G1) in both breast and ovarian cancer (Mishra et al., 2007; Chukwujekwu et al., 2016). Betulonic acid showed high cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cell lines after 24 hours; DU-145 (IC50: 5.9 µg/mL), PC-3 (IC50: 10.4 mg/mL) and LNCaP (IC50: 38.0 µg/mL). Derivatives of betulone, such as betulone that has a carbonyl group at the C-3 position, exhibited anti-proliferative effects against the following cell lines; stomach (MGC-803, IC50: 52.2 µg/mL), breast (Bcap-37, IC50: 54.2 µg/mL and MCF-7, IC50: 64.7 µg/mL), prostate cancer (PC3, IC50: 52.3 µg/mL) (Hata et al., 2002; Saxena et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2012; Chukwujekwu et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2016).
Pharmacological actions of chemical constituents
Published in C. P. Khare, Evidence-based Ayurveda, 2019
Stigmasterol also is involved in the synthesis of many hormones like progesterone, androgens, estrogens and corticoids. Many of its derivatives, like spinasterol, fucosterol, cyasterone, stigmasterol glucoside, fucosterol epoxide, stigma-4en-3one and 29-fluorostigmasterol have been isolated, and their pharmacological aspects are being assessed.
Abies Spectabilis (D. Don) G. Don (Syn. A. Webbiana Lindl.) Family: Coniferae
Published in L.D. Kapoor, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants, 2017
Chemical constituents — Bark contains tannin, some caoutchouc, wax, coloring matter, starch, and ash. Flowers contain a volatile oil, and seeds a fixed fatty oil. Pulp of the fruit contains a large proportion of sugar and saponin. Seeds of M. elengi yielded quercitol, dihydroquercetin, quercetin, β-D-glucoside of β-sitosterol, and α-spinasterol and the flowers gave quercitol, ursolic acid, and lupeol.567,568 The fatty oil from seeds consisted of capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic. oleic, and linoleic acids; the unsaponifiable matters from the seed fat consisted of βandγ-sitosterol.569 The bark and wood of stem of the plant yielded teraxerone, taraxerol, α-spinasterol, sodium ursolate, betulinic acid, β-D-glucoside of β-sitosterol and quercitol,570 and also meso-inositol. Chopra and Kapoor572 reported the presence of saponins which on hydrolysis yielded β-amyrin and basic acid.573 Quercitol, hentriacontane, β-carotene, and glucose were isolated from leaves568 and D-mannitol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-β-D-gluco-side, and quercetin were also recovered from the leaves.571,574 The root yielded lupeol acetate, taraxerol, a spinasterol, and β-D-glucoside of β-sitosterol.568
The use of terpenes and derivatives as a new perspective for cardiovascular disease treatment: a patent review (2008–2018)
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2019
Eric Aian P. Silva, Jéssica S. Carvalho, Adriana G. Guimarães, Rosana de S.S. Barreto, Márcio R.V. Santos, André S. Barreto, Lucindo J. Quintans-Júnior
In this review, most of the compounds (66%) cited in the patents described the cardiovascular effects of four main classes: triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, terpene lactones, and flavonoids either alone or in combination. It is a known fact that flavonoids and terpenes have shown promising therapeutic effects in the cardiovascular system [1,43–48], thus bringing future new approaches for CVDs treatment. Additionally, 75% of patents (n = 9) contained a mixture of several compounds, whereas three patents (25%) were composed by only one particular substance. Some of the compounds found in the mixtures tested could not be specified in the patents, nevertheless, by comparing similar chemical structures we could infer at least their probable class. Hence, ⍺-spinasterol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside [31] seems to belong to the class of sterols [49], as the ⍺-spinasterol, found in the same mixture. In that same patent, the new compound labda-7,14-dien-13(R)-ol-β-fucopyranoside seems to be a diterpene, synonymous with isomanool, according to the PubChem Database [50]. The mixture patented by Latserus et al. [32] could not be specified into separated compounds, only by the classes which were mono, sesqui, di, and triterpenes. The remaining patents composed by mixtures of several substances that could be specified are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2.
Salvia hispanica L. seeds extract alleviate encephalopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: role of oxidative stress, neurotransmitters, DNA and histological indices
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Amal M. El-Feky, Marwa M. Elbatanony, Asmaa F. Aboul Naser, Eman A. Younis, Manal A. Hamed
It is important to be mentioned that the three isolated triterpene compounds as well as 5β-coprostanol and α-spinasterol are isolated and structurally elucidated from S. hispanica L. seeds for the first time in the current study. On the other hand, the other four identified sterols have been formerly isolated from the seeds.