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Apiaceae Plants Growing in the East
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Sherweit El-Ahmady, Nehal Ibrahim, Nermeen Farag, Sara Gabr
Coriander seeds are particularly rich in sterols with a total sterol content ranging from 36.93 to 51.86 mg/g seed oil followed by fruits. β-sitosterol is the main sterol in coriander fruits and is especially concentrated in the pericarp where it accounts for 49.4% of total sterols. Stigmasterol is found mainly in seed oil (Sriti et al. 2009). Sterols have received considerable attention due to their inhibitory effect on dietary cholesterol absorption which can be beneficial in hyperlipidemic patients.
Pharmacological actions of chemical constituents
Published in C. P. Khare, Evidence-based Ayurveda, 2019
Stigmasterol is an important constituent and has been isolated from plants. It is involved in the synthesis of many hormones like progesterone, androgens, estrogens and corticoids. In addition to stigmasterol many of its derivatives like spinasterol, fucosterol, cyasterone, stigmasterol glucoside, fucosterol epoxide, stigma-4en-3one, 29-fluorostigmasterol, etc. have been isolated, and their pharmacological aspects have been assessed.5
Microalgae and Cyanobacteria as a Potential Source of Anticancer Compounds
Published in Gokare A. Ravishankar, Ranga Rao Ambati, Handbook of Algal Technologies and Phytochemicals, 2019
In another study, Kim et al. (2014) found stigmasterol isolated from Navicula incerta showed potent apoptotic effect against HepG2 liver cancer cells. The compound was found to up-regulate the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax, p53) but down-regulate the expression of antiapoptotic genes including Bcl-2. In addition, flowcytometric analysis revealed that the HepG2 cells were arrested at G2/M phase. In another study, Samarakoon et al. (2014) found that a novel fatty alcohol ester, nonyl 8-acetoxy-6-methyloctanoate (NAMC), isolated from Phaeodactylum tricornutum, showed strong suppression of the growth of HL-60 (human promyelocyticleukaemia) cells. The compound induced apoptosis by activating Bax and suppressing Bcl-xL and by up-regulating other inducers of apoptosis, particularly caspase-3 and p53.
Stigmasterol alleviates allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma mice through inhibiting substance-P receptor
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Jimei Zhang, Chonghong Zhang, Li Miao, Zimin Meng, Ning Gu, Guifang Song
Stigmasterol, a naturally available sterol, is one of a larger class of plant compounds, phytosterols (Moreau et al. 2002), that is widely present in plant-derived food (Ryan et al. 2007) and common medicinal plants all over the world (Zheng 1994). Phytosterols have more biological benefits including anticancer (Bradford and Awad 2007; Shahzad et al. 2017), anti-allergic effect (Antwi et al. 2017), anti-inflammation (Rocha et al. 2016; Vilahur et al. 2019), and lipid-lowering (Dumolt and Rideout 2017; Makhmudova et al. 2021). Although stigmasterol has significant anti-arthritis and anti-inflammatory effects (Gabay et al. 2010; Chen et al. 2012), its role in immune and inflammatory diseases (such as asthma) is still unclear. A study only revealed the anti-airway inflammation of stigmasterol in a guinea pig model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma (Antwi et al. 2017), but did not reveal its related target and mechanism.
A novel hepatoprotective activity of Alangium salviifolium in mouse model
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Preeti Dhruve, Mohd Nauman, Raosaheb K. Kale, Rana P. Singh
The bark decoction of A. salviifolium is used traditionally to treat cancerous wounds (Jain and Jain 2010). The decoction contains mostly oil and volatile organic compounds, and thus GC-MS analysis of methanolic BEA was carried out to analyze the phytoconstituents. Thirty seven compounds that were identified in GC-MS analysis of BEA contained fatty acids, alkaloids, and plant steroids. Among alkaloids, vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine, and vindesine) was a major class of plant-derived anticancer agents (Taneja and Qazi 2007). Alkaloids like piperine have already been reported for its hepatoprotective and chemopreventive effects (Darshan and Doreswamy 2004, Selvendiran and Sakthisekaran 2004, Rather and Bhagat 2018). Previous studies on plant sterols especially γ-sitosterol have shown to decrease the CCl4-induced liver damage as AST and ALT were decreased with an increase in catalase activity. Stigmasterol treatment to mice receiving a carcinogen, DMBA, and promoter croton oil, caused a reduction in tumor size and average number of papilloma along with a decrease in AST, ALT, and ALP; with a concomitant increase in glutathione, SOD, and CAT activities (Ali et al.2015, Tiwary et al. 2017). Therefore, these identified plant alkaloids and sterols may contribute to the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of BEA.
Comparative study of the antidiabetic potential of Paederia foetida twig extracts and compounds from two different locations in Malaysia
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Dai Chuan Tan, Ku Idayu Idris, Nur Kartinee Kassim, Pei Cee Lim, Intan Safinar Ismail, Muhajir Hamid, Rou Chian Ng
The NMR and GC–MS spectral data for compound 1 were found to be in agreement with the literature data while compounds 2, 3 and 4 were identified based upon their GC–MS analysis which gave molecular ion peaks at m/z 400 [M+], 412 [M+] and 414 [M+] corresponding to stigmasterol (2), γ-sitosterol (3) and ergost-5-en-3-ol (4), respectively (see Figure 1). Pierre and Moses (2015) have noted that stigmasterol is quite difficult to isolate in its pure form; it is always mixed with β-sitosterol. In addition, the Rf index for both compounds are the same even though different solvent system were used.