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Scutellaria Species and Cancer Research
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Samantha H. Sherman, Lani Irvin, Prahlad Parajuli, Nirmal Joshee
Scutellaria spp. is a member of the Lamiaceae family with approximately 400 species growing around the world. It has been used in the traditional medicinal system by the ancient Chinese, as well by the Native Americans (Shang et al., 2010). Some of the prominent Scutellaria species with well-documented anti-cancer activity are displayed in Table 11.1 and are discussed in what follows.
Heterocyclic Drugs from Plants
Published in Rohit Dutt, Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Vandana Garg, Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 2020
Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Valeria Garcia, Felipe Gonzalez
The flavonoid ‘baicalin’ is isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis (roots). Scutellaria (skullcap) are flowering plants belong to mint family. The flowering plant is domicile to various east-Asian countries and Russia, and it is harvested in several European countries (Zhao et al., 2016) as well. The plant has had been using by the people as a folklore medicine over 2,000 years (Zhao et al., 2016), both in Indian (Ayurveda) and Chinese medicinal systems and in modern herbal medications (Orzechowska et al., 2014) in treating asthma, diarrhea, hypertension, insomnia, respiratory infections, pain, and inflammation (Zhao et al., 2016; Herbs Used in Asthma Treatment – An Overview, 2018). In addition, Scutellaria has immunomodulatory effects by stimulating antibody formation or by inhibiting white blood cell activity either by promoting or suppressing their functions (Immunomodulation, 2018). The S. baicalensis root extract is enriched in baicalin could stimulate the non-specific antiviral immunity and assess the resistance of peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow cells to vesicular stomatitis virus infection.
Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Skullcap refers to two medicinal plants, American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) and Chinese skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis). Scutellaria baicalensis has long been a mainstay in Chinese medicine, and has been used for anxiety, depression, neurological conditions, and gastric distress. Scutellaria lateriflora has been used in traditional Native American medicine for nervous tension and various psychiatric and neurological problems. The main phytochemicals in this genus are the flavonoids and glycosides, scutellarin, scetellarein, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, wogonoside, apigenin, chrysin, and oroxylin A. The plants also contain serotonin, melatonin, and various alkaloids. There are differences between the two species in the percentages of certain phytochemicals they contain.1
Herbal medicine for psychiatric disorders: Psychopharmacology and neuroscience-based nomenclature
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2019
Siu W. Tang, Wayne H. Tang, Brian E. Leonard
Many herbs, including most of the ones we mentioned for the treatment of mental ailments in traditional medicine such as Poria cocos and Ganoderma lucidum (Vazirian et al. 2014), exhibit significant anti-bacterial, anti-viral (Zhao et al. 2012) and anti-parasitic properties, and even have anti-microbial properties against multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections (Miyasaki et al. 2013), These properties are probably an evolutionary defence mechanism that plants use against their natural enemies. Some other herbs with a primary indication in traditional medicine, but not for mental ailments, are anti-microbial. The herb Sophora flavescens (Ku shen) is used for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, skin rashes, parasites and jaundice, but is neuroprotective in models of brain ischaemia and Alzheimer’s disease (Hwang et al. 2008; Jung et al. 2011; Ding et al. 2016; Zhao et al. 2015). Another herb, Scutellaria baicalensis (Huang Qin), has broad-spectrum anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-allergy actions. It is also neuroprotective in addition to its sedative action (Martin & Dusek 2002; Gasiorowski et al. 2011).
A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and flavonoid biosynthesis of Scutellaria baicalensis
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Zi-Long Wang, Shuang Wang, Yi Kuang, Zhi-Min Hu, Xue Qiao, Min Ye
The plants of genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae) are perennial herbs with around 360 species in the world. Many of these species have medicinal uses (Cantor et al. 2009; Shang et al. 2010; Paton et al. 2016). Among them, the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are used in China as Huang-Qin (Scutellariae Radix), one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (Figure 1). Scutellaria baicalensis is widely distributed in North China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia (Zhao et al. 2016a; Jiang et al. 2017). Due to its increasing demands in recent years, it is now cultivated on a large scale in Shandong, Hebei, Inner Mongonia, Shanxi, and Gansu provinces of China (Gu et al. 2013). It should be noted that the herb of an allied species, Scutellaria barbata D. Don, is used as the Chinese medicine Ban-Zhi-Lian.
Prediction of the mechanisms of action of Qutan Huoxue decoction in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a network pharmacology study and experimental validation
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Xia Wu, Yurong Zhang, Ding Zheng, Yue Yin, Mengyun Peng, Jing Wang, Xiaoning Zhu
The QTHX contains numerous alkaloids and biologically active factors, which interact with each other to regulate inflammation and lipid metabolism in different ways and plays role in the NASH treatment. There is direct evidence, that saikosaponins A and D in Bupleurum scorzonerifolium have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB (Liu et al. 2017); Poria cocos polysaccharides can inhibit the activation of the aortic TLR 4/NF-κB pathway and reduce inflammatory factors and blood lipid levels (Li et al. 2021); Pinellia ternata contains a large number of sterols, which can regulate T cell receptor signalling pathway and inflammatory factors (Lyu et al. 2020). Citrus sinensis contains flavonoids that inhibit NF-κB and MAPK pathways and inhibit the anti-inflammatory activity of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by LPS (Son et al. 2020). Scutellaria baicalensis can regulate lipid metabolism and liver function (Yang et al. 2019). It’s a challenge to explore and verify the specific mechanism of action in diseases when the prescription including different individual traditional Chinese medicine herbals, due to that the target of the individual traditional Chinese medicine herbal was heterogeneous. Herein, a key target of QTHX reducing inflammatory response in NASH was demonstrated by the NP and experiment in vitro. However, the liver is a sophisticated and complex organ, and the related targets in the occurrence and development of NASH are complex and diverse (Miyao et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2021). So, it is still a challenge to show the overall view of the mechanism of TCM prescription in diseases therapy.