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Anti-Infective Agents
Published in Radhwan Nidal Al-Zidan, Drugs in Pregnancy, 2020
Risk Summary: It is better to be avoided during the 1st Trimester because the pregnancy experience in humans is limited, and the reproduction studies in animals have shown the risk of teratogenicity associated with the use of Amantadine. It is believed that Rimantadine has a lower risk of harmful effects than Amantadine
Antiviral therapeutics for viral infections of the central nervous system
Published in Avindra Nath, Joseph R. Berger, Clinical Neurovirology, 2020
Side effects are similar with both drugs, but are typically less severe with rimantadine. Most commonly these include gastrointestinal upset including nausea and vomiting, and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms such as anxiety, depression, confusion, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating [1,60].
Amantadine and Rimantadine
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Aerosolized rimantadine has been used therapeutically in volunteers infected with attenuated influenza A (HlN1) virus; this produced a clinical benefit similar to that found with low-dose (50 mg/day) oral rimantadine, but there was no effect on virus shedding (Hayden et al., 1982). Aerosol treatment of influenza by amantadine or rimantadine by the method employed in these trials is unlikely to have a clinical application because it is cumbersome and timeconsuming.
Antiglycoxidative properties of amantadine – a systematic review and comprehensive in vitro study
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Miłosz Nesterowicz, Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska, Jerzy Robert Ładny, Anna Zalewska, Mateusz Maciejczyk
The effects of other adamantane derivatives on carbonyl stress have never been comprehensively studied. The literature provides only isolated papers examining the antioxidant potential of these drugs. Nitroxyl radical derivatives of amantadine diminished the content of HO• and O2•− in in vitro models, as well as reduced oxidative damage in 2-deoxyribose- and dopamine-secreting neurons38. Benzo[b]furan derivatives of amantadine inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro122, similarly to TYR-amantadine123. In contrast, amantadine-derived phenolic azo Schiff bases showed no antioxidant activity124. While the antioxidant properties of memantine are supported by some reports (in vitro inhibition of ROS production and lipid peroxidation; in vivo enhancement of the antioxidant barrier and reduction of protein and lipid oxidation)35,125–130, data on glycation prevention remain inconclusive130–133. There are also no data on thromantadine, and the antiglycoxidative impact of rimantadine was not confirmed134–136. Therefore, further research is needed to explore the potential antiglycoxidative effects of both amantadine and its derivatives.
Burden of influenza in patients with cardiovascular disease who receive antiviral treatment for influenza
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Mitra Corral, Rita de Cassia Castro, Tu My To, Stella Arndorfer, Shu Wang, John Stephens
Patients with CVD were divided into two cohorts of treated and untreated patients. Patients were assigned to the treated cohort if they received a prescription for antiviral influenza treatment (i.e. oseltamivir, baloxavir [as recommended by the CDC during at least one of the influenza seasons studied], rimantadine [not recommended by the CDC], or peramivir) within 2 days of their index date. The following patients were excluded: those who received prophylactic antiviral flu treatment with ≥10 days supply as their index treatment and those who were hospitalized during the period between their index date and their antiviral influenza prescription fill date (inpatient medication use could not be ascertained). Patients were assigned to the untreated cohort if they did not receive antiviral influenza treatment within 30 days after the index date. This study excluded patients who were hospitalized during the period between their index influenza diagnosis date and 2 days after their index date.
Searching for effective antiviral small molecules against influenza A virus: A patent review
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2021
Tiziana Ginex, F. Javier Luque
Amantadine and rimantadine are cyclic amines used in the treatment of flu infection. Amantadine was patented in 1961 and approved for flu prophylaxis by the FDA in 1966 [40]. Its ethyl analog, rimantadine, was patented in 1963 [41], and the methylated derivative of rimantidine, adapromine, in 1977 [42]. Nowadays their prescription is no longer recommended due to the limited effectiveness against influenza B virus, unwanted side effects, and the emergence of adamantane-resistant strains in circulating influenza A viruses, primarily associated with single-mutated variants V27A, L26F, and S31N, which modify the physicochemical properties of the binding pocket, thus preventing an effective inhibition of the proton conductance by these compounds [43–45]. Indeed, the thermodynamics and kinetics of amantadine binding to the M2 channel, which has been proposed to follow a sequential flipping mechanism, is very sensitive to the V27A mutation, providing a quantitative rationale to the drastic decrease in inhibitory potency against the V27A variant [46].