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Urine metabolomics and proteomics in prenatal health
Published in Moshe Hod, Vincenzo Berghella, Mary E. D'Alton, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Eduard Gratacós, Vassilios Fanos, New Technologies and Perinatal Medicine, 2019
Daniela Duarte, Maria do Céu Almeida, Pedro Domingues, Ana M. Gil
The important issue of biomarker specificity was investigated for PE through comparison with subjects with gestational hypertension (GH) (46,49). Levels of α actinin 4, afamin, α2 macroglobulin, and albumin varied for PE and GH cases compared to controls; however, decreased levels were seen for keratin and α1 antitrypsin in GH, compared to PE and controls. In addition, angiotensinogen was found to also differentiate GH from PE (46). More recently, urinary perlecan and prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase were also found decreased in sPE, compared to controls or to PE or GH pregnancies, having been interpreted as indicative of renal impairment in the most severe cases (49).
Effect of quercetin on the pharmacokinetics of selexipag and its active metabolite in beagles
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Shun-bin Luo, Er-min Gu, Yu-ao Chen, Shi-chen Zhou, Chen Fan, Ren-ai Xu
Characterised by a gradual increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, debilitating and chronic life-threatening disease (Sardana et al. 2016; Bruderer et al. 2017; Bhadru et al. 2019; Highland et al. 2019; Ilyin et al. 2019; Klose et al. 2019, 2021; Yazıcı & Güngör 2019; A Xe Lsen et al. 2021; Genecand et al. 2021). PAH may cause right ventricular dysfunction and potential failure and the average survival time of patients is only 2.8 years if not treated (Gnerre et al. 2018; Highland et al. 2019). There is strong evidence to support early intervention and the achievement of all treatment objectives with monotherapy or combination therapy has been critical to date (Ilyin et al. 2019). Prostacyclin, produced by prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) endothelial cells via prostacyclin synthase, is a potent vasodilator with anti-proliferative, anti-thrombotic, and anti-inflammatory effects (Bhadru et al. 2019). The role of prostacyclin or prostacyclin receptor (IP receptor) agonists in the treatment of PAH is reasonable because PAH is associated with vasoconstriction, proliferation, and thrombosis (Gnerre et al. 2018).
Celecoxib and Afatinib synergistic enhance radiotherapy sensitivity on human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Pan Zhang, Erqun Song, Mingdong Jiang, Yang Song
PGE2 plays a predominant role in inflammation, which has been extensively studied in cancer and atherosclerosis (Yang et al. 2011; Nakanishi and Rosenberg 2013). The oxidation of arachidonic acid by prostaglandin synthases, especially COX-2, yields prostaglandin H2. It is further metabolized into PGE2 with the participation of PGE synthases (Jachak 2007). Thus, the effect of Celecoxib and Afatinib on the PGE2 production in A549 cells was also examined. As shown in Figure 5, radiation (Group I versus Group 0) alone did not show significant inhibition on PGE2 production, whilst Celecoxib inhibited PGE2 production (Group II versus Group 0, p < .001). Meanwhile, although Afatinib had no effect on PGE2 production (Group III versus Group I), Celecoxib and Afatinib in combination upon 2 Gy of radiation further inhibited PGE2 production (Group IV versus Group II, p < .01), suggesting the synergistic effect of COX-2 on the production of PGE2 in NSCLC cells.
Synergic fabrication of succimer coated titanium dioxide nanomaterials delivery for in vitro proliferation and in vivo examination on human aortic endothelial cells
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Ming Qi, Chunfang Li, Ze Song, Lei Wang
The HAoECs were treated with 0.02 mg ml−1 h for 24 h (Figure 3). Unlike NO release, the release of another PGI-2 vasodilator and vasoconstrictor ET-1 was significantly reduced. In addition to its efficient vasodilator function, PGI-2 can prevent the forming of platelets by disrupting plates. The action of the PGI-2 enzyme is developed by the activity of the PGI-2 synthase in endothelial prostaglandin H2 cells. ET-1 is constitutively selected by the action of an endothelial enzyme present on both the EC surface and on intracellular vesicles by endothelial cells from the inactive medium major ET-1. Complex signals control the expression and release of PGI-2 and ET-1 on the ECs; the process for their reduction and release was not studied in this study. However, our findings show that HAoECs endocrine functions are sensitive to DMSA-TiO2 and may intervene before major cell injuries occur.